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PHILADELPHIA 



GUIDE TO THE CITY 

(Eighth Edition) 



Compiled by 
GEORGE eT ^ITZSCHE 

Recorder of the University of Pennsylvania 

and 

First Vice-President of the Philadelphia Rotary Club 




Issued by 
THE ROTARY CLUB OF PHILADELPHIA 

June, 1920 



h/6"S 
-J" 



Copyright by 

GEORGE E. NITZSCHE 

June, 1920 



.CU571778 



JUL 24 1920 \^ *^ 



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PREFACE. 

This little guide book to Philadelphia was prepared by the 
editor at the request of the Convention Committee of the Rotary 
Club. It is not an exhaustive treatise on Philadelphia, but is 
intended simply as a brief guide for visitors. To make a guide 
book of a city attractive reading is almost impossible, and to 
know what to include in a book of limited size is difficult. No 
two visitors have exactly the same tastes or interests. It is 
also difficult to classify properly the various points of interest; 
but it is believed that the classifications herein employed will 
be found as convenient as any. If some attractions have 
been given more or less space than they merit, or if anything 
has been omitted, the editor begs his readers to be indulgent. 

The real object of this preface is to create an opportunity 
to thank those who assisted the editor in gathering and com- 
piling this material. Among them he desires to acknowledge 
especially the courtesy and assistance of Geo. W. Janvier; the 
International Printing Co.; Jessie W. Clifton; Charles Fair- 
child; Elmer Schlichter; Frank H. Taylor; Wm. Rau, for many 
of the photographs herein reproduced; Jessie C. Evans, for in- 
formation on the new City Charter, and Elsa Koenig Nitzsche, for 
the cover design. 

— G. E. N. 

Philadelphia, March 24, 1920. 



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Permission of J. L. Smith Co., Copyright, 1913. 

Map of Part of Philadelphia. 



PHILADELPHIA. 

Philadelphia, or, "'City of Brotherly Love," sometimes 
called the "Quaker City," is the most historic city in America. 
It was founded in 1682 by William Penn, an English Quaker, 

who was granted a large 
tract of land from 
Charles II. Penn, how- 
ever, recognizing the In- 
dians as the legal own- 
ers of these lands, made 
a treaty with the natives 
and paid them liberally 
for their property. The 
original city as provided 
for by its founder con- 
sisted of the 1300 acres 
between the Delaware 
and Schuylkill Rivers, 
between Vine and South 
Streets. All the streets 
except Broad and Mar- 
ket (formerly High) 
were rather narrow, hav- 
ing an average width of 
only 50 feet; they were 
laid out so as to form 
perfect squares. Those 
running east and west 
those running north and 
south were numbered. There were no diagonal streets. Owing 
to the tolerant spirit of Penn and his followers the city grew 
rapidly and attracted settlers from many foreign countries and 
of many religious cults and denominations. Among them were 
Quakers, Moravians, Dunkers, Mennonites, and a number of mys- 
tics, among the most noted of whom were the German pietists, 
who, under the leadership of Kelpius, settled along the Wissa- 
hickon. During the first three years ninety ships arrived in 
Philadelphia with more than seven thousand emigrants. While 
they came from all European countries, most of them hailed 
from the British Isles and the German provinces. The high 
grade of these settlers, their mechanical skill, their honesty 
and thrift, soon made themselves felt, not only in Philadelphia 
but throughout the State. By 1700 the settlers had constructed 
seven hundred houses in Philadelphia, which became, and was for 
many years, the largest and most prosperous city and port in 
America, leading all others in science, education, commerce 
and industry. 




Liberty Bell. 

were named for native trees and 



In American wars, and in most of the great crises of thi:: 
countr}^ Philadelphia and her citizens took a leading part, not- 
withstanding the fact that the Quakers, Moravians and others 




William Penn. 



of the early religious sects who settled in Philadelphia were 
opposed to bearing arms. Franklin and other prominent Phila- 



delphians performed invaluable service in the French and In- 
dian War. The finances of the Revolutionary War w^ere in 
charge of Robert Morris of Philadelphia; Girard and other 
Philadelphia bankers financed the War of 1812; E. W. Clark 
and Company, of Philadelphia, the Mexican War; Jay Cooke, 
another Philadelphian, the Civil War; and in the Great War 
Philadelphians more than subscribed their quota, furnished 
more war material than any other community, and contributed 
more than fifty thousand of their sons. 

During the Revolutionary War the First and Second Con- 




Independence Hall. 



tinental Congress met here, and Philadelphia was the seat of 
Government except during the time the British occupied the 
city. The Declaration of Independence was signed and adopted 
in Philadelphia, in Independence Hall, which remains as a his- 
torical monument to liberty. The national capital was located 
here from 1790 to 1800, when most of the early laws were 
enacted. Washington and Adams were inaugurated President 
of the United States in Philadelphia. Many of the most im- 



portant campaigns and battles of the Revolution were fought 
within a radius of forty miles of the city. No city or section 
hi the country is so rich in historic shrines. Philadelphia was 
also the capital of the State of Pennsylvania until the early 
""art of the nineteenth century. 




Benjamin Franklin. 

In 1854, by the consolidation of nine districts, thirteen 
townships,_ and six boroughs, the city and the county were 
made one in extent, having an area of about 130 square miles. The 
city is divided into forty-eight wards. The population in 1910 
was 1,549,008, and the census of 1920 just completed gives the 
city a total population of 2,000,000. Since the city extends far 
Seyond the county line, and since its manufacturing and ship- 



8 



building industries stretch along the Delaware for many miles 
beyond the city's political boundaries, a movement was started 
a few years ago to include all this territory within the city lim- 
its, which would give Philadelphia a population of almost 
3,000.000. 

The city lies on the west bank of the Delaware River, 
which separates it from Camden, New Jersey, a city of about 
150,000. which bears the same physical relation to Philadelphia 
as Brooklyn does to Manhattan. A monumental bridge, to 
cost more than $40,000,000, has been authorized by the legisla- 
tures of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and it is hoped that 
within a few years the two cities will be connected. The Schuyl- 
kill River, a tributary of the Delaware, flows through Fairmount 
Park and the center of the' city. 

Philadelphia is third in population and second in manufac- 
tures in the United States, and contains more dwellings than any 
city in the world of its size and population. It has more than 
425,000 buildings, of which at least 300.000 are dwellings. There 
are 900 churches, 1400 societies devoted to charity and social 
betterment, 23 public libraries, nearly 100 public parks and chil- 
dren's playgrounds, covering almost seven thousand acres, 22 
public bath-houses, 1500 miles of paved streets, 500 of well-built 
suburban roads, and 653 miles of street railways. 

The suburban territory, especially along the Main Line 
and the Chestnut Hill Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad, is 
celebrated for its beautiful country homes and grounds, and 
estates of great extent; and the same is true of the Old 
York Road district on the north. Fairmount Park, with the 
Wissahickon Creek, is noted as one of the largest and most 
picturesque natural city parks in this country. In the built-up 
sections are smaller parks, such as Independence Square, at 
Sixth and Chestnut Streets; Washington Square, at Sixth and 
Walnut; Franklin Square, at Sixth and Vine; Logan Square, at 
Nineteenth and Race; and Rittenhouse Square, at Nineteenth 
and Walnut Streets. These "squares" were the first public 
parks in America to be dedicated to the people. The new 
Delaware River bridge, which will connect the city with Cam- 
den and the New Jersey coast resorts, will probably utilize one 
of these squares as an approach. 

City Government. — Philadelphia was governed under the 
provisions of an Act of William Penn, the founder, from 1683 
to 1691, when it was granted a charter by the English king. A 
new charter and seal were granted in 1701, and the city was 
divided into wards four years later. In 1789 a new seal was 



adopted, which was used until 1854, when the City and County 
of Philadelphia were made co-extensive. At that time twenty- 
eight sections or municipalities were included in the consoli- 
dation. In 1887 a new form of city government was adopted, 
which was in force until 1919, when, on June 25, the city charter 
was again revised and many important changes made. 




Carpenters' Hall. 

Under the revised charter of 1919 the Mayor is elected for 
four years and cannot succeed himself. The City Council con- 
sists of a single chamber, whose members are also elected for 
a term of four years at the same time as the Mayor. They are 
elected from the State senatorial districts on the basis of one 
councilman for every twenty thousand voters, which number 



10 



is to be doubled when women have the right of suffrage. There 
are now twenty-one members of Council. They are salaried 
ofificials and can hold no other public office. The bills passed 
by Council must be signed by the Mayor. If he vetoes a bill 




Betsy Ross House en Arch Street, Where First American Flag Was Made. 

Council can pass it over his veto by a three-fifths vote of all 
the members. 

The executive departments of the city government are as 
follows: Public Safety; Public Works; Public Health; Public 
Welfare; Wharves, Docks and Ferries; City Transit: City 
Treasurer; City Controller; Law Department; Civil Service 



11 



Commission; Receiver of Taxes. The directors and heads of 
all these departments are appointed by the Mayor, with the 
exception of the members of the Civil Service Commission, 
who are elected by Council, and the Receiver of Taxes, City 
Treasurer and Cit}^ Controller, who are elected by the people. 
The Mayor also has the appointment of a Purchasing Agent, a 
City Architect, members of the Zoning Commission, City Plan- 
ning Commission, and the Art Jury. No work of art can b-^conic 
the property of the city or be erected in a public place or bu'ld- 
ing withont first being approved by the Art Jury. 

The Purchasing Agent makes all purchases for the city 
with the exception of specialties for libraries and museum s 
books, etc. The City Architect works in conjunction with the 
City Planning and Zoning Commissions. 

The Department of Public Safety has charge of the pol'cc, 
fire, and fire escapes, electric service, inspection of buildings, 
elevators, engines and boilers. 

The Department of Public Works has charge of water, 
gas and public utility plants, grading, paving, repairing, clean- 
ing and lighting, construction and repair of public build'ngs, 
bridges, survej^s. engineering, sewage and drainage. The de- 
partment also has charge of the Board of Surveyors. 

The Department of Public Health is in charge of hospitals, 
housing and sanitation, vital statistics, and the Board of 
Health, which now consists of the Director of Public Health 
and two other members, appointed by the Mayor. 

The Department of Public Welfare, created under the new- 
charter, is in charge of all charitable and reformatory institu- 
tions, playgrounds, recreation centers and baths. 

The Departments of Wharves, Docks and Ferries; City 
Transit; City Treasurer; City Controller; Receiver of Taxes; 
and Law; respectively, have charge of work naturally falling 
under these titles. 

The new charter also provides for a budget, to be prepared 
by the Mayor, furnishing estimates to Council of all receipts, 
liabilities and expenditures by the Controller and all depart- 
ments. Under the new charter the city is also permitted to 
repair and clean its own streets, dispose of ashes and garbage, 
etc. The Civil Service Department now consists of three mem- 
bers, elected by Council, and examines the fitness for office of 
practically all city employees. 

In Philadelphia there sits a United States Circuit Court of 
Appeals, and the Supreme and Superior Courts of Pennsylvania. 
The local judiciary consists of five Common Pleas Courts, an 
Orphans' Court, a Municipal Court and twenty-eight Magis- 
trates' Courts. 

12 



SUMMARY OF POINTS OF INTEREST IN AND NEAR 
PHILADELPHIA. 

Among the principal places well worth a visit are the fol- 
lowing. A number of these are more fully described in the text 
of this book: 

Academy of Natural Sciences. Nineteenth and Race Streets. Open daily 

9 to 5. Sunday i to 5. 
American Philosophical Society. Founded by Benjamin Frank', in. Fifth 

Street below Chestnut. 
Aquarium. Fairmount Park. Open 9 to 5. 
Arboretum Park. Washington Lane, Germantown. 
Art Museum. End of Parkway. In course of construction. 
Baldwin Locomotive Works. Broad and Spring Garden Streets. 
Bartram's Botanical Gardens. Fifty-fifth Street and Schuylkill River. 
Bartram's House in Bartram's Gardens. 
Battlefields, Encampments, and sites near Philadelphia made famous in the 

Revolutionary War: Valley Forge, Fort Mifflin, Chadd's Ford, Wash- 
ington's Crossing, Trenton, Princeton, Red Bank, Salem, Brandywine, 

Paoli, Camp Hill, Fort Washington, Germantown. 
Benedict Arnold's Mansion. Fairmount Park. 
Betsy Ross House. 229 Arch Street. Where first American flag is said to 

have been made. Open 8.30 to 5.30 (except Sunday). 
Bourse. Fourth Street, between Market and Chestnut Streets. 
Brill's Car Works. Sixty-second Street and Woodland Avenue. 
Carpenters' Hall. Rear of 320 Chestnut Street, where first Continental Con- 
gress assembled on September 5, 1774. Open i to 3 P. M. weekdays. 
Carson College for Orphan Girls, "Erdenheim," Chestnut Hill. 
Chew Mansion. Germantown Avenue and Johnson Street. Site of Battle of 

Germantown. 
Christ Church. Second above Market Street. Washington's Pew; graves of 

Robert Morris, James Wilson and Bishop White. Open 9 to 3 (except 

Saturdays and holidays). 
City Hall. Broad and Market Streets. 
Commercial Museums. Thirty-fourth Street, rear of LTniversity Museum. 

Open 9 to 5, Sundays i to 5. 
Congress Hall. Sixth and Chestnut Streets, where Washington and Adams 

were inaugurated and United States Congress met for ten years. Open 

9 to 4. 
Cramp's Shipyard. Beach and Ball Streets. Open 9 to 6. 
Delaware River and its Shipbuilding Industries. 
Drexel Institute and Museum. Thirty-second and Chestnut Streets. Open 

every weekday. 
Eastern Penitentiary. Twenty-first Street and Fairmount Avenue. Open 

weekdays 2 to 4. 
Edwin Forrest Home for Actors and Actresses, Bristol Pike, Holmesburg. 
Elkins Masonic Orphanage, Broad and Cayuga Streets. 
Fairmount Park. One of the largest city parks in the world, covering 3750 

acres; fifty miles of drives, and more than a hundred miles of walks and 

trails. 
Filtration Plants at Roxborough, Queen Lane and Torresdale. 
Frankford Arsenal. (Established in 1816.) Bridesburg. Open 7.45 to 4.30. 
Franklin's Grave. Fifth and Arch Streets. 
Franklin's House. (Reputed.) iii Spring Street. 

Franklin Institute. Seventh Street below Market. Open weekdays. 
Franklin Field, L^niversity of Pennsylvania. 
Girard College. Girard Avenue and Twentieth Street. Open daily except 

Friday and Sunday. 
Girard National Bank Building. First banking building in the United 

States. Erected in 1795 by the First Bank of the United States. 116 

South Third Street. 

13 



Government Pier, foot of Oregon Avenue. 

Grant's Log Cabin. Lemon Hill, Fairmount Park. 

Grant Monument. Fairmount Park. 

Hog Island Shipbuilding Plant. 

Historical Society of Pennsylvania Museum. 1300 Locust Street. Open 10 

to 6 (except Sundays and holidays). 
Horticultural Hall. Fairmount Park. 
Hunting Park. Old York Road. 
Independence Hall. Chestnut Street between Fifth and Sixth. Erected 1729. 

Second Continental Congress convened here 1775; Declaration of Inde- 
pendence signed and adopted 1776. Open 9 to 4, Sunday 12 to 4. 
Independence Square. Rear of Independence Hall. 
League Island Park. Foot of South Broad Street. 
Masonic Temple. Broad and Filbert Streets. Open 10 to 2. 
Master Builders' Exchange. Seventh Street below Market. Open weekdays. 
Memorial Hall— Industrial Art Museum. Fairmount Park. Open Monday 

12 to 5; other weekdays 9.30 to 5; Sundays i to 5. 
Morris Park. Overbrook. 
Museum of the Site and Relic Society of Germantown (Wistar Mansion). 

Vernon Park. 
New York Shipbuilding Company. On Delaware River opposite Philadelphia. 
Old City Hall. Fifth and Chestnut Streets, where first United States 

Supreme Court met and held its sessions from 1791 to 1800. 
Old Swedes' Church. Front and Christian Streets. Built in 1700 on site o" 

church built in 1677. Open 9 to 4. 
Penn Treaty Park and Monument. Beach Street north of East Columbia 

Avenue. 
Pennypack Park. Torresdale. 
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Broad and Cherry Streets. Open 

daily 9 to 5, Sunday i to 5. 
Pennsylvania Hospital. Eighth and Pine Streets. 
Philadelphia Home of Edgar Allen Poe, 520 North Seventh Street. 
Philadelphia Navy Yard. Foot of South Broad Street. Open 9 to 4. 
Ridgway Library. Broad Street between Christian and Carpenter Streets. 
Rittenhouse, Home of David. Lincoln Drive, Fairmount Park. 
Sewage Disposal Plants of Philadelphia. 
School of Industrial Art. Broad and Pine Streets. 
Schuylkill River. 

Shipbuilding Plants along the Delaware. 

Site of First United States Navy Yard. 1201 South Front Street. 
Site of Building in which Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. 

Seventh and Market Streets. 
Smith Memorial Monument. Fairmount Park. 
Solitude. Home of John Penn. Fairmount Park. 
Stenton Park and Museum. Wayne Junction. 

United States Custom House. Chestnut Street, near Fifth Street. 
United States Mint. Sixteenth and Spring Garden Streets. Open 9 to 3; 

Saturdays 9 to 12. 
United States Naval Asylum. Gray's Ferry Avenue, below Bainbridge. 
University of Pennsylvania. Thirty-fourth and Walnut Streets. 
University Museum. Thirty-third and Spruce Streets. Open daily 10 to 5; 

Sundays 2 to 4. 
University Observatory. West Chester Pike. Open every Thursday evening. 
Washington Mgnument. Fairmount Park. 

Widener Memorial Home. Broad Street and Olney Avenue. 
William Penn's House. Built in 1682. First brick house in Philadelphia. 

Fairmount Park. 
Willow_ Grove Park. Old York Road. 
Wissahickon Gorge. Fairm.ount Park. 

Wistar Institute of Anatomv and Museum. Thirty-sixth and Spruce Streets. 
Zoological Gardens. West Fairmount Park. Open daily. 

For industrial establishments, department stores, &c., see p. 53. 

14 



THE DELAWARE RIVER. 

The name Delaware is generally supposed to be derived 
from a visit to the Bay by Lord de la Warr, on his wray to 
Virginia in 1610; this is not authentic. Henry Hudson entered 
the Bay in 1609; Hendrickson in 1616; Mey in 1623. In 1626, 
Gustavus Adolphus, of Sweden, issued letters patent for a 
settlement; in 1639 Queen Christina founded a colony, nov/ 
Wilmington. The control of the river was successively in the 
hands of the Swedes, Dutch and English, until settled by Wil- 
liam Penn at Philadelphia in 1682. 

No river in America is so full of historical interest as the 
Delaware. Between Philadelphia and Wilmington steamship 
lines maintain a fleet of passenger steamers, leaving Chestnut 
Street Pier. Principal points on the route south are: a few miles 
below the city, Greenwich Point on the west, Gloucester on the 
east. United States Immigration Depot, Detention Camp and 
Buena Vista Park and Ferry House; Philadelphia Navy Yard on 
the west; Red Bank, with Revolutionary monument, on the east; 
big grain elevators, Fort Mifflin and Hog Island ship yards on the 
west; Lincoln Park on the east; Essington Aviation School and 
Corinthian and other yacht clubs on the west; Gibbstown Pow- 
der Works on the east; the great Baldwin Corporation, Eddy- 
stone, Baldwin and Remington Munition plants; Chester, old 
buildings of great historical interest; then, on the west, Marcus 
Hook, oil refining and shipping point; Government Quarantine 
Station; Government Engineering Station; on the east, opposite 
Wilmington, Pennsgrove and Carney's Point Powder Works; on 
the west, Wilmington. At Chester and Wilmington pamphlets 
may be obtained at the respective historical society headquarters. 
The old town of New Castle, Brandywine Battlefield, Chadd's 
Ford, and other historic sites are within short trolley rides of 
Wilmington. 

The Government Pier at the foot of Oregon Avenue, Phila- 
delphia, is a $15,000,000 terminal, and can accommodate ten large 
ships at one time. The piers are 1500 and 1340 feet long, and each 
is 290 feet wide. Three-deck warehouses cover their entire 
length. Besides these the city owns fifteen large piers; there are 
sixty-five private piers; and many new ones are to be con- 
structed in the near future. 

Passenger steamers from Philadelphia to Trenton pass 
through a more picturesque portion of the Delaware River, 
which has many charming views in its upper reaches. After, 
leaving Cramps' Shipyard and the Reading Railroad Coal Piers 
and going through the drawbridge, the steamers pass on the 
Pennsylvania side Bridesburg and Tacony, the latter the site 
of the Disston Saw Works. 

15 



On the Jersey shore are Riverside, Delanco and Beverly; 
on the Pennsylvania side Holmesburg, with the House of Cor- 
rection and County Prison, Pennypack Park and Torresdale 
with extensive filter plants and Traylor Ship Yards. Bristol 
has many Colonial buildings of interest and important ship 
building industries. Burlington, N. J., just opposite, was set- 
^tled in 1677, five years before Philadelphia. It is rich in his- 
toric houses, including Franklin's printing shop and Fenimore 
Cooper's house. Bordentown, the next settlement on the Jersey 
side, is noted as the home of Admiral Charles Stewart ("Old 
Ironsides"), and as the home of Joseph Bonaparte, who came 
there in exile in 1816, ex-King of Spain and Naples; also of 
Prince Murat, son of the King of the Sicilies. The channel of 
the river from Burlington to Trenton is tortuous, the banks 
on the Jersey side are high and often wooded, and there are 
many picturesque islands. 

Ship Building Industry. — The ship yards along the banks 
of the Delaware River in Philadelphia and immediate vicinity 
now constitute probably the largest ship building industry in 
the world. These ship yards during the War employed almost 
a hundred thousand men. There are about one hundred and 
sixty construction ways, and the combined yards have a ca- 
pacity of producing almost five hundred ships a year. The 
largest of these plants is that of the American International 
vShip Building Corporation at Hog Island, which has fifty ways. 
This yard is the largest single ship building plant in the world. 
There are numerous other ship building plants along the Dela- 
ware. Among the larger plants might be mentioned the Beth- 
lehem Ship Building Corporation and the Pusey & Jones plants 
at Wilmington, Delaware; the Chester Ship Building Company 
and the Sun Ship Building Company at Chester; the New York, 
Pennsylvania and New Jersey Ship Building companies at 
Gloucester, New Jersey; the J. H. Mathis Ship Building Com- 
pany at Camden, New Jersey; the William Cramp Ship Build- 
ing Company and the Traylor Ship Building Company in Phil- 
adelphia, and the Merchant Ship Building Company at Bristol. 
The main offices of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, which 
had general supervision over the ship building industry of the 
country during the war, were located in Philadelphia. 

Shipping. — As a shipping center the Delaware River has 
few equals; and so far as tonnage is concerned Philadelphia is 
the second port in the United States. Few ports in the world 
do so great a foreign and coastwise shipping. The city is the 
center of distribution for a wide variety of products, and the 
port facilities for their shipment are not surpassed anywhere. 

Channel. — There is a 35-foot channel in the river from 800 
to 1200 feet wide, running from the city to the sea, which it is 
planned to make a 40-foot channel in the near future. The 

16 



city has a water frontage of 34 miles, 20 along the Delaware 
and 14 along the Schuylkill; besides this, there are many miles 
of water frontage just outside the city limits. Among the 
many advantages Philadelphia offers to shipping might be 
mentioned the following: Nearly every pier is equipped with 
modern electrical devices for the expeditious handling of car- 
goes; the port is one of the greatest in the world for the shipping 
of coal; there are many floating cranes and derricks, large dry- 
docks and ship repair yards; plenty of filtered water for drink- 
ing and boilers; an ample supply of fuel oil; free time at 
wharves for incoming cargoes; low dockage charges, and no 




Washington Monument, Green Street Entrance to Fairmount Park. 

port charges; efficient railroad and ample warehouse facilities; 
fresh water port, which causes all barnacles to drop off the 
ships. 

Grain Elevators. — The^-e is a grain elevator at Port Rich- 
mond with a million-bushel capacity; and another built of con- 
crete at Girard Point on the Schuylkill River, from which the 
grain is delivered to ships by a conveyor gallery with a ca- 
pacity of 2,225,000 bushels and a delivering capacity of 45,000 
bushels per hour. Three ships can be loaded from this ele- 
vator at one time. The elevator yard will accommodate 140*^ 
cars. 



17 



Hog Island Terminal. — When this book went to press, a 
movement had just l)cen started in Philadelphia to purchase Hog 
Island as a city enterprise, and change it into a shipping ter- 
minal, similar to the Bush Terminal in New York. The Penn- 
sjdvania, Philadelphia and Reading and the Baltimore and Ohio 
railroad lines have enormous trackage there now, and all are 
united in the project of making it one of the great shipping 
terminals of th^e world. It is also possible that part of the 
present equipment will be retained as a ship building and ship 
repair plant. 

Steamship Lines Using Philadelphia Port. — The following 
is a list of steamship lines using the Port of Philadelphia. The 
names and addresses of the owners or agents are not given be- 
cause of lack of space. The numbers of the piers as given be- 
low are marked either "So." or "No.," according to whether they 
are south or north of Market Street. This list was revised to 
March, 1920, through the courtesy of the Department of 
Wharves, Docks and Ferries. 



REGULAR TRANSATLANTIC SAILINGS FROM PHILA- 
DELPHIA. 

American Liverpool 53 So. 

American Hamburg 48 So. 

American Rotterdam 48 So. 

American '".lasgow 48 & 53 So. 

Atlantic Frviit Cu Jamaica aud Cuba 3 So. 

Atlantic Transport London 53 So. 

Brooks S. S. Line Havre, St. Nazaire, Dun- 
kirk, Antwerp, Rotterdam. r8 So. 

Brooks S. S. Line Copenhagen. Gothenberg, 

Malmo, Hamburg, Hel- 
singfors and Danzig 78 So. 

Cunard Line London 16 So. 

Cunard Line Antwerp 16 So. 

Cunard Line Liverpool 16 So. 

Cvmard Line 'Bristol (Avonmouth Docks). 16 .So. 

Earn Line Havana 56 So. 

Earn Line Manchester 56 So. 

France & Canada Steam- 
ship Corporation Ignited Kingdom, South 

American, South Afri- 
can, French and I?altic 
ports TQ IS'o. 

Furness Line Leith and Dundee "B" Pt. Richmond 

Furness Line Glasgow "D" Pt. Richmond 

Furness Line London "A" Pt. Richmond 

Green Star Line Adriatic-Greek Ports 2=; No. 

Holland-America Rotterdam 48 & 55 So. 

I. F. C. Lines Buenos Aires and River 



I. F. C. Lines Havre, Bordeaux, St. Na- 
zaire, Dunkirk 40 So. 

18 



Italian Lines: 

La Veloce Naples and Genoa 19 No. 



Navigazione (leiic 
Kerr Steamship (" 
Kurz Lines 



Mallory S. S. Co. ... 
Norway-Mexico (iuf L 



Naples and Genoa 19 No. 

Hamburg and Rotterdam . . 3 Pt. Richmond 
Poland, Germany a n d 

Mediterranean Ports 25 No. 

Marseilles and Genoa 46 So. 

JJergen, Stavanger, Chris- 40 So. & Pt. Richm'd 

tiana and Finland 

Manchester "D" Pt. Richmond 

London "A" Pt. Richmond 

46 So. 

48 & 55 



So. 



Phila. -Manchester Lines . 
Phila. -Transatlantic Lines 

Raporel Line Hull and Avonmouth 

Red Star Line Antwerp 

Scandinavian American 

Line Christiana and Copenhagen. Willow St 

Societa' Nazionale D i 

Navigazione Naples and Genoa 

Swedish-American Line 

and Transatlantic Co. 

(Joint Service) Gothenburg, Malmo and 

Stockhcklm, Sweden; 

and Finland 

L^nited Fruit Co Cuba, Jamaica and Cen- 

<^ral America 5 No, 



,40 So. 



40 So. & Pt. Richra'd 




Aquarium, Fairmount Park Old Water Works. 



OCCASIONAL TRANSATLANTIC SAILINGS FROM 
PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. 

American-Indian Calcutta (inljound) 48 So. 

American-Levant Line Piraeus, Salonica. Tn-yrna, 

and Constantinople Various 

Bombay-American Bombay (inbound) 48 So. 

Bordeaux Line Bordeaux P. R. R. Piers. 

Dale-LTniversal Line Rotterdam Coal Piers. 

Furness Line Fowey Pt. Richmond 

Luckenbach S. S. Co Rotterdam and Amsterdam. .Various Piers 

Munson Line West Indies, South Amer- 
ican and European Ports. .Various Piers 

Nafra Line Italian Ports Pt Richmond Piers 

Sota and Aznar Spanish Ports Pt. Richmond Piers 

and Girard Point. 
Algoa i^ay. Port 
tc Eddystone Piers 



South African Line Capetowr 

Natal, 



19 



PHILADELPHIA COASTWISE LINES. 

Ericsson Line Baltimore 3 So. 

Merchants and Miners Jacksonville, Savannah, 

Southern Steamship Co Boston i8 to 24 So. 

Houston, Texas 46 So. 

PHILADELPHIA OIL LINES. 

Atlantic Refining Co English and other Euro- 
pean Ports Schuylkill River 

Crew-Levick Co European, South Ameri- 
can, Cuban and Japa- 
nese Ports Schuylkill River 

Gulf Refining Co Southern Ports Schuylkill River 

Pure Oil Co New York Marcus Hook, 

Delaware River 
Sun Company English and other Euro- 
pean Ports Marcus Hook. 

Delaware River 

Texas Company Southern Ports Marcus Hook, 

Delaware River 

Vacuum Oil Co European Ports Brammel's Point, 

Delaware River 




Schuylkill River, Fairmount Park. 
LOCAL AND INLAND LINES OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Augustine Amusement Co. . .Augustine Park Arch Street 

Bush Line Marcus Hook, Wilming- 
ton, New Castle lo No. 

Chester Shipbuilding Co Chester and intermediate 

points Arch Street 

Dolphin Line Trenton and intermediate 

points Arch Street 

20 



Frederica and Phila. Nav. 

Co Bowers Beach and Fred- 
erica 10 No. 

New York and Delaware 
River S. S. Corp New York Cherry Street 

Trenton Trans. Co Trenton 4 No. 

Wilmington Steamboat Co. ..Chester and Wilmington... 5 So. 

Woodland Steamboat Co Chester, Pennsgrove, Au- 
gustine Park and Wood- 
land Beach 4 No. 



PARKS, GARDENS, BOULEVARDS. 
The Park system of Philadelphia is so planned that ulti- 
mately most of the land in the city set aside for park purposes 
will be connected, by wide boulevards. There are now nearly 
7000 acres devoted to pleasure grounds for the people, which 
include almost 100 tracts located so that no section of the city 
is without a nearby park; among them are 35 well equipped 
playgrounds and recreation centers, and 32 public swimming 
pools. Besides these, along the river fronts there are a number 




Horticultural Hall in Fairmount Park. 

of spacious public piers, the second tiers of which are devoted 
entirely to the public. 

Fairmount Park, one of the most picturesque natural city 
parks in the country, was started in 1812 with a 5-acre tract at 
Twenty-fifth and Spring Garden Streets. It now has an area 
of more than 3400 acres, 43 miles of drives, 44 miles of foot- 
paths, and 12 miles of bridle paths. It extends from Spring 
Garden Street Bridge, on both sides of the Schuylkill River, on 
the east side to the mouth of Wissahickon Creek, and follows 
the creek through a deep valley to the north of Chestnut Hill, 
for a distance of more than 11 miles. 

The territory between Spring Garden Street Bridge and 
Girard Avenue, known as the Old Park, contains many objects 



21 



of historic and modern interest. To visit this section, take an 
Overbrook car, on Arch Street, and leave it at the entrance on 
the bridge. The view includes the Fairmount Dam', with the row 
of boathouses on the east bank of the river, at the foot of Lemon 
Hill, on which stands the former country house of Robert 
Morris, the financier of the American Revolution. The path 
from the entrance leads along the old reservoir and classic 
buildings of the original water works. One of the buildings is 
now used as an aquarium, and contains an interesting collection 
of native fishes and reptiles, and a trout hatchery. On the 
Fairmount reservoir hill is now being erected the Municipal 
Art Museum, which will be the north terminus of the Parkway. 
On Lemon Hill is a music pavilion where band concerts arc lield 




Memorial Hall in Fairmount Park. 



on Thursday afternoons and evenings. Crossing the plateau 
in a northernly direction, visit Grant Cottage, used by General 
Grant at City Point, in 1864-65, and removed to Fairmount Park 
shortly after the war. At the west end of Girard Avenue 
Bridge are the Zoological Garden and John Penn's cottage. The 
Garden, open daily from 8 A. M. to 6.30 P. AL, is one of the 
most extensive in the world and contains one of the most 
complete collections of animals, birds and reptiles. Be- 
yond the entrance to the Park under the graceful arches of the 
railroad bridge, to the left is the William Penn Cottage, which 
was the home of the founder of Pennsylvania. It was built in 
1682, and is the oldest brick house in Philadelphia. To pre- 
serve it the cottage was removed to the Park from Letitia Court 
in the center of the city. 

Leaving the garden, take a Parkside Avenue car to For- 
tieth Street. Between that point and Forty-fourth Street is the 
Smith Memorial Civil War Monument, with bronze statues of 



Hancock, McClellan, Meade and Reynolds, and busts of Porter, 
Hartranft, Dahlgren. Crawford, Beaver and others. Nearby is 
the Children's Playground. 

Memorial Hall is just beyond. It is a white marble building, 
retained as a permanent memorial to the Centennial Exposition 
held on these grounds in 1876. This was the first world's fair to 
be held in America and one to which Philadelphia can still 
point with just pride as having been financed entirely by local 
capital. It was visited by more than eight millions of people. 
Memorial Hall contains the Wilstach collection of paintings, 
and a varied and very interesting assemblage of objects of art, 
statuary, ceramics, glassware, china and porcelain, and a col- 
lection belonging to the School of Industrial Art. Admission 
is free. 

Horticultural Hall, just west of IMemorial Hall, another of 
the old Centennial buildings, has a collection of magnificent tree 
ferns, palms, foreign and native plants and flowers. The con- 
servatory is 230 by 80 feet and is 55 feet high. The grounds 
immediately around Horticultural Hall have been developed 
since 1878 as an arboretum, and now include a large collection of 
rare trees and shrubbery. 

Take the Park trolley at Forty-fourth Street and Parkside 
Avenue Station. It should here be mentioned that opposite the 
station is a terminal of city trolley lines, where cars may be 
taken for any part of the city. The Park trolley skirts the 
outer boundaries of the Park and runs partly through it. The 
charm of the scenery must be felt, it cannot be described. 

The first stop should be George's Hill, at Fifty-second 
Street. The hill is 210 feet high and commands a view of all the 
surrounding landscape. There are public band concerts at 
George's Hill on Monday afternoon and evening. Proceed to 
Belmont Mansion, situated on an eminence which gives a most 
attractive view of the river and the city. The mansion was built 
about 1743 and was the country seat of Judge Richard Peters, 
Revolutionary Secretary of War. Washington, Lafayette, Jef- 
ferson and other eminent generals and statesmen were frequent 
guests here. There are band concerts at Belmont on Wed- 
nesday and Saturday afternoons and evenings. 

Change at Greenland for Strawberry Mansion, a large old- 
fashioned country residence. From its rear lawn is a view of 
the upper reaches of the river, Laurel Hill, a famous cemetery, 
and Falls Village — one of the most charming vistas in the Park. 
There are band concerts at Strawberry Mansion on Tuesday 
and Friday afternoons and evenings. Return to Greenland 
and change to the Forty-fourth Street line. Skirting the banks 
of the river the principal stations are at Chamounix, a miniature 
lake; Woodside Park, formerly a little Coney Island just out- 
side the Park limits. The car returns to the Forty-fourth Street 
Station. 

23 



East Park begins at Girard Avenue and Thirty-first Street, 
and extends northward as a narrow strip of territory to Wissa- 
hickon Creek. A half-mile above Girard Avenue it leads to 
Fountain Green, built a century ago by Samuel Meeker; Mount 
Pleasant, built in 1762 by Captain John jMcPherson, a privateer, 
bought and occupied at the beginning of the Revolution by 
Benedict Arnold, and tenanted by Baron von Steuben in 1782; 
Rockland, built in 1810; Woodford Mansion, at Dauphin Street, 
and Strawberry Mansion. 




Entrance to Zoological Gardens. 

The Zoological Garden is located in Fairmount Park at 
Girard Avenue and Thirty-fifth Street, and may be reached by 
all trolley lines crossing Girard Avenue. It contains about 
thirty acres, formerly part of "Solitude," the country residence 
of John Penn, a grandson of William Penn. It has a large and 
interesting collection of animals, especially rich in bisons and 
in bears, including several grizzlies. There are two young 
hippopotami, a giraffe, a rhinoceros, lions and tigers, camels, 
zebras, elks, deer, llamas, wild horses, a large collection of apes, 
an especially fine lot of birds and reptiles, a pathological labora- 
tory and animal hospital, the first of its kind in the world. An 
admission of twenty-five cents in charged, except on Saturdays, 
when admission is ten cents. 



24 



THE WISSAHICKON AND PARK DRIVES. 

Wissahickon Creek must be viewed from a carriage or on 
foot (motor cars are not permitted on the upper drive beyond 
"Lincoln Drive"), and a day should be devoted to it. The 
lower portion may be reached by the Ridge x^venue cars or the 
Norristown Branch of the Reading Railroad to Wissahickon 
Station. In a carriage, take the East River drive from Green 
Street entrance, where is the Washington Monument, designed 
by Rudolph Siemering, of Berlin, and dedicated in 1897 by the 
Pennsylvania Society of Cincinnati. Its cost was about $250,- 
000. The monument is forty-four feet high and is considered 
one of the most beautiful equestrian statues in America. A 
little further along is the famous Lincoln Monument. 

Proceed to the Wissahickon Drive under the Reading Rail- 
road bridge, the graceful arches of which form a charming gate- 
way to the gorge. The drive follows the stream to beyond 
Chestnut Hill, where it enters Barren Hill Pike. For miles it 
winds through a deep gorge and along precipices to a pleas- 
ant valley. On the bridle path on the east side is Mom 
Rinker's Rock, on which is a statue of William Penn; on the 
driveway is a rock about twenty feet high, which, at a distance 
of 100 yards to the north, looks like a stooping Indian. Walnut 
Lane Bridge, spanning the creek, is one of the largest con- 
crete arches in the world. There are many winding, old-fashioned 
lanes leading down into the gorge from both sides and cross- 
mg the Wissahickon over picturesque bridges. One of the 
most charming of these is Kitchen's Lane, on the north side of 
which is the Monastery; from here another spur of the Park 
runs along Helma's Glen to Carpenter's Woods, part of which 
has recently been acquired by the Park. There are many fasci- 
nating stories and legends told about every part of the Wissa- 
hickon, among the most interesting of which is that of the 
weird Kelpius and his followers of German pietists, who here 
lived in a cave for many years, practicing occult arts and weird 
rites. At the end of one of the lanes are the Livezey House 
and Mill, a Revolutionary estate of note. Valley Green Hotel 
is a half-mile above Valley Green and Cresheim Creek. Where 
the creek empties into the Wissahickon is a beautiful little 
waterfall and the "Devil's Pool." Along Cresheim Creek the 
Park extends for more than a mile to Germantown Avenue. 
World travelers have frequently pronounced the Wissahickon 
one of the most beautiful and romantic streams they have ever 
seen, but owing to the lack of publicity it is less known than 
many inferior attractions in other cities. Along its entire 
eight miles there is not a spot that has not a charm of its own. 
Everywhere one meets with delightfully cool springs, little 
waterfalls and picturesque ruins of old mills and dams. 

A survey has been made of the historical sites of Militia 

25 



Hill and of Fort Hill, upon which was erected Fort Washing- 
ton, in Whitemarsh Township, Montgomery County, with a 
view to their being made a continuation of Wissahickon and 
Fairmount Parks. These sites with their fortifications are being 
acquired gradually and are to be kept as nearly as possible as 
they were originally, with a strip of land extending along both 
sides of Wissahickon Creek to the present entrance into Fair- 
mount Park near Barren Hill. When this park is completed 
there will be a continuous straight driveway along the Schuyl- 
kill and Wissahickon of about twent}' miles. 




William Penn House, Fairmount Park. 



Other Parks and Squares.— Philadelphia has more than 100 
parks, large and small, in addition to Fairmount Park. Most of 
them are of local and sectional or historic, rather than of gen- 
eral, interest. Among the larger ones are Hunting Park, at 
York Road and Luzerne Avenue; Leaarue Island Park, in South 
Philadelphia; Burholme Park, at Fox Chase; Cobb's Creek Park, 
at Sixty-third and Market Streets; Pennypack Park, at Holmes- 
burg; Gorgas Park, at Ridge Avenue and Hermitage Street; Wis- 
ter Woods, at Fisher Station, Germantown; the Arboretum, at 

26 



Washington Lane Station; Fernhill, Vernon and Stenton Parks, 
in Germantown; Bartram's Gardens, on the Schuylkill; and 
Clifford, Fisher, Morris, Pastorius and Tacony Parks in other 
sections of the city. Some of these parks contain only a few 
acres, while others have as many as several hundred to a 
thousand acres. It is planned ultimately to connect most of 
these parks with Fairmount Park by a series of wide boule- 
vards, so that any part of the city may be reached through the 
park system. Another plan was recently suggested by the 
writer for connecting the campus of the University of Penn- 
sylvania with Fairmount Park and the Parkway by condemning 
all properties between Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Street in 
this one-mile stretch, and making the land thus vacated a five- 
hundred-foot wide boulevard. It was suggested at the same 
time that this site be part of a general plan for utilizing the 
campus, the Parkway and the Park for an Exposition in 1926 
to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the signing of the Declara- 
tion of Independence. 

Among the smaller parks the following deserve more than 
passing mention, viz.: 

Independence Square, or the State House Yard at Sixth 
and Chestnut Streets, contains Independence Hall. From 1811 
to 1874 it was enclosed by a low brick wall with iron railings. 
It was formerly a favorite place for town meetings; and is 
still frequently used for patriotic public gatherings. 

The five central squares were the first public parks in 
America, having been dedicated to the people in 1682. 
Center Square is now occupied by City Hall. The other four 
are: 

Franklin Square, at Sixth and Vine Streets, which was 
leased by John Penn in 1741 to the German Reformed Church, 
and used as a burial ground until 1801, when it was returned to 
the city. It was used as a drill ground in 1812. The name of 
Franklin was bestowed on it in 1825. 

Washington Square, at Sixth and Walnut Streets, was so 
named in 1825. On the south side are the old First Presbyterian 
Church (see "Churches"), and a few old Colonial brick resi- 
dences. The square was a potter's field from 1705 to 1795, and 
thousands of American soldiers were buried here, as were 
many of the yellow fever victims. It was once a center for 
lawyer's offices, and is now a publishing center, being sur- 
rounded by the Curtis, Farm Journal, Lippincott and other 
publishing houses. 

Rittenhouse Square, at Eighteenth and Walnut Streets, was 
so named for the astronomer and scientist, David Rittenhouse, 
in 1825. It is in the center of the old aristocratic and wealthy 
section of the city, faced by handsome houses and by Holy 
Trinity P. E. Church. Being cared for by the adjoining resi- 

27 



dents, it is the beauty spot of the old city. The landscape was 
designed by Paul P. Cret, and is modeled after the Pare aux 
Serfs of Paris. 

Logan Square, at Eighteenth and Race Streets, was named 
after James Logan, in 1825. The Cathedral of St. Peter and 
St. Paul, the Academy of Natural Sciences and Will's Eye Hos- 
pital face the square, which has recently become the central 
feature of the new Parkway. 

Bartram's Gardens can be reached by the Woodland Ave- 
nue trolley line. On a tract of about thirty acres, John Bartram 
and his son, William, established a botanic garden in 1728. The 
Bartram mansion and several old trees of great interest are 
still in the gardens. In a pamphlet published in 1801 these gar- 




Livezey Homestead, Wissahickon Creek. 

dens were described thus: "These extensive gardens became 
the seminary of American vegetables, from whence they were 
distributed to Europe and other regions of the civilized world. 
They may with propriety be called the 'Botanical Academy of 
Pennsylvania,' since professors of Botany, Chemistry and Ma- 
teria Medica . . . annually assemble here during floral 
seasons." 

The Arboretum, at Washington Lane, recently acr4uired 
through the^ influence of that public-spirited citizen, William 
Draper Lewis, is a veritable second Bartram's Garden, and con- 



28 



tains a great variety of trees and shrubbery. Being located 
on high rolling ground, it forms one of the most charming of 
the smaller parks in the city. The lake at one corner of the 
park, the beautiful vistas, the v^ell laid out v^alks and roads, the 
foot paths through the woods, and the v^ell planned setting out 
of trees and shrubs make it one of the most pleasing bits of land- 
scape gardening in Philadelphia. 

Penn Treaty Park is a small plot on the Delaware River 
at the foot of old Shackamaxon Street. An immense elm tree, 
which was blown down in 1810, formerly stood on the spot. 
There is a tradition that William Penn made a treaty with the 



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Benedict Arnold Mansion, Fairmount Park. 

Indians in 1682 under the shade of this tree. Scions from the 
tree have been planted at the University of Pennsylvania, Hav- 
erford, and Stenton House in Germantown. 

As stated before, there are many miles of Boulevards al- 
ready in existence connecting the various parks with each other 
and giving a dignified approach from the city. Among these 
are: 

The Parkway, which is now the main approach from City 
Hall and the center of the city to old Reservoir Hill at the 
Spring Garden Street entrance to Fairmount Park, on which 



29 



is being erected an Art Museum. This Boulevard, only within 
recent years and at great expense, has been cut diagonally across 
the heart of the city. 

The Roosevelt Boulevard, which connects Pennypack, Ta- 
cony and Hunting Parks. 

There are also several public parks on the outskirts of Phil- 
adelphia. Amongst the largest of these is Valley Forge (de- 
scribed elsewhere) and Willow Grove Park, in Montgomery 
County, fourteen miles from City Hall, which has been in ex- 
istence for a score of years and is a famous pleasure ground. 
Concerts are given from May to September by military bands 
and symphony orchestras. It has a great variety of amuse- 
ment features. Sousa, Herbert, Damrosch, Pryor, and other 
eminent leaders, usually fill the musical engagements. 



HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AND SITES. 

Short Historic Walks. — Philadelphia and the country with- 
in a radius of fifty miles is the richest territory in the United 
States in Colonial houses and historic sites. In the center of 
the old city, however, are some of the most prominent and re- 
vered. At Sixth and Chestnut Streets in Independence Square 
are Independence Hall, with its Liberty Bell, Congress Hall, 
Old City Hall and the first United States Supreme Court House, 
and the hall of the American Philosophical Society. In a court 
between Third and Fourth Streets is Carpenters' Hall; on Third 
Street is the Girard National Bank; on Second Street north of 
Market is Old Christ Church; on Arch Street above Second is 
the Betsy Ross House; on Fourth Street below Arch the site 
of the University in 1740; at Arch and Fifth Streets is the grave 
of Benjamin Franklin; on Seventh Street. Zl North, is the site 
of the first United States Mint, and at Seventh and Market 
Streets the Penn National Bank occupies the site of the house 
where Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independ- 
ence; on Seventh Street below Market is the Franklin Insti- 
tute. 

From the same starting point, going south, the Curtis Build- 
ing rests on the site of the Loganian Library and the Penn 
Mutual Building on the site of the Old City Prison. At Sev- 
enth and Locust Streets is the old First Presbyterian Church; 
on Locust Street just west of Eighth is Musical Fund Hall; on 
Eighth Street near Locust the Morris Residence; at Ninth and 
Walnut Streets, the Walnut Street Theatre, the oldest fn Amer- 
ica. At Ninth and Pine Streets is the Pennsylvania Hospital. 
From Pine Street to Washington Avenue, from the Delaware 
River to Broad Street is the congested foreign and negro sec- 
tion containing many quaint and old residences, church build- 
ings and other objects of interest. 

30 



Although Philadelphia has ruthlessly destroyed many of 
her once famous landmarks, anyone taking the trouble to walk 
around the old portion of the city will hnd much that is un- 
changed from the days when this was the finest residential sec- 
tion of the first city of the country. Philadelphia retains much 
more of the old, in buildings, than does any other American 
city. There are many Colonial houses, with elaborate cornices, 
little curving marble steps, iron-railed in pairs leading up to 
pilastered doorways, with here and there an old-time knocker. 

Picturesque features of this section of the city are the fire 
insurance emblems still in place on the fronts of the old houses, 
and the wrought-iron foot scrapers, built into the sidewalk at 
the foot of the house steps. Everywhere one may come upon 
buildings designed on classic lines. In the very heart of the 
old city are garden walls of stone and brick with fascinating 
little gateways. Leading off of the main streets are old alleys 
where one finds little old-time houses with dormer windows and 
projective eaves. 

Many of the city's old houses are rich in historic interest. 
At 413 South Tenth Street Henry George was born. No. 224 
Pine Street was the home of Robert Blackwell. One of the 
finest homes of all was the old Powel House at 244 South 
Third Street, where Washington was often a guest. The Mor- 
ris house, at 225 South Eighth Street, built in 1786, is perhaps 
the best remaining example of the old-time town dwelling 
house of wealth and beauty. What was to be the grandest of 
all Philadelphia mansions was started by Robert Morris, who 
bought the entire block between Chestnut and Walnut Streets 
and Seventh and Eighth Streets. Some of the underground 
structure of this house is still existent. At 260 South Ninth Street 
lived for a time Joseph Bonaparte, formerly King of Spain. A 
great room is still papered with the scenic paper which was 
on the walls when he lived here. The old Wistar house still 
stands at the southwest corner of Fourth and Locust Streets. 

On Second Street, near Callowhill, is the old Black Horse 
Inn, which one enters through an archvv^ay. Within is still the 
ancient inn-yard, a long, rough-paved parallelogram, enclosed 
by simply balustrated balconies, a survival of the old inn-yards 
of England. 

In old Philadelphia there were market houses on Market 
Street, Girard Avenue, Bainbridge Street, Lehigh Avenue, Spring 
Garden and other streets. Only those on Second Street are 
still standing. The most interesting of these, extending from 
Pine Street to South Street, were started in 1745. The bell 
tower and clock were added in 1819. 

Carpenters' Hall is in a court that opens from Chestnut 
Street, between Third and Fourth. The Carpenters' Company 
was founded in 1724, and the building was begun in 1770. The 

31 



First Continental Congress met in Carpenters' Hall on Septem- 
ber 5, 1774. The Constitutional Convention met there in 1787. 
Munitions were stored in the building during the Revolutionary 
War. It was later the home of the First United States Bank. 
It is still occupied by the Carpenters' Company, and is open to 
the public on weekdays from 1 to 3 P. M. 



INDEPENDENCE HALL, CONGRESS HALL AND OLD 
CITY HALL. 

Independence Hall comprises a main building with two ar- 
cades, connecting it with two two-story buildings, one at Fifth 
Street and the other at Sixth Street, on Chestnut Street. It 




"Congress Hall," 
Where the First Congress Met and Where Washington and Adams 
Were Inaugurated. The Buildings to the East Are Independence Hall 
and City Hall, Where the First Supreme Court Convened. 

was partly designed and built by Andrew Hamilton. The build- 
ing was authorized by the Provincial Assembly of Pennsyl- 
vania as a State House, on May 1, 1729. The Legislature first 
met in the building in October. 1736; Andrew Hamilton was 
elected speaker and Benjamin Franklin was clerk. The As- 
sembly Room, or east room, in which the Declaration of In- 
dependence was signed in 1776, was finished in 1743. and the 
western chamber in 1748. The tower was not finished and the 



32 



bell hung until June, 1753, and the clock was placed in the 
tower ni 1759. The Constitution of the United States was 
adopted ni this building in 1787. A facsimile of the Declara- 
tion of Independence is behind the speaker's desk. The orig- 
inal is in the Treasury Building at Washington. Most of the 
furniture in the Assembly Room is original. 

The Liberty Bell hangs from its original beam within a 
trame in the main corridor. It was ordered from the agent of 
the Province, in London, and cast by Pass and Stow, of Phila- 
delphia. It weights 2080 pounds, and has the following in- 
scriptions: ^ 

"By order of the Assembly of the Province of Pennsylvania 
for the State House in Philadelphia, 1752." And underneath 
this: Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land, unto all the 
inhabitants thereof. Lev. xxv, v, x." 

T .-^^ J"^^, ^;, ^^^^' ^^'^^ ^^'"^ to^^ed in memory of Chief 
Justice Marshall, the bell was cracked. 

Congress Hall, at Sixth and Chestnut Streets, was com- 
pleted in 1790, and until 1800 was occupied by the United States 
Longress. In this building Washington was rnaugurated Presi- 
dent for a second term in 1793, and John Adams Vice-President, 
in December 1/95; Adams took the oath as President and 
Jefferson as Vice-President in 1797. After 1800 it was devoted 
to various local courts. It was occupied by the Law School of 
the University of Pennsylvania from 1895 to 1900 
u i^*"^ ^^i^^^ ?*^*^^ Supreme Court .House and Old City 
Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut Streets, was built in 1791, and was 

?'qT^/ iQH^n^ ^n^u''^T.u-V^'T^ ^°""^ °^ the United States from 
1/91 to 1800. The Philadelphia City Councils met on the sec- 
ond floor from 1791 to 1854, and the Mayor's office was located 
in the building from 1791 to 1889. 

The "State House Row" buildings, as they are usually called, 
are now occupied chiefly by miscellaneous historical collections 
ot pamting-^3 and relics. An illustrated catalogue of these may 
be obtained at the Hall. All the buildings are open daily and 
Sundays. -^ 

Betsy Ross House on Arch Street is said to have been the 
home of Be sy Ross (Mrs. Claypoole). There is a tradition that 
she sewed the first flag of Stars and Stripes in this house under 
the direction of General Washington. The house is maintained 
as a museum by a patriotic society. 

The Girard National Bank, on Third Street, south of Chest- 
nut Street, occupies the building erected in 1797 for the first 
Bank of the United States, later the bank of Stephen Girard. 

The Bank of North America, 307 Chestnut Street, was or- 
ganized in 1781, and is the oldest bank in the United States. 
Alexander Hamilton and Robert Morris were associated with 
Its early history. 

33 



Musical Fund Hall, on Locust Street, west of Eighth 
Street, was built in 1820 by a society organized for the relief 
of needy musicians. Acoustically it is one of the best concert 
halls in the country, and has presented on its stage the world's 
greatest musicians and singers. 

The Old Stock Exchange, at Third and Walnut Streets, is 
one of the most beautiful architectural monuments in Old Phil- 
adelphia. It is a classic building of perfect proportions and one 
-?/hich has had a varied history in the commercial and financial 
■{;fe of the city. 



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Bartram's House. 



Dock Street, on which the old Stock Exhange building 
fronts, is one of the most interesting sights of the city. Its 
fascinating atmosphere of bustle and trade, and its filthy con- 
dition, are reminiscent of old market cities of Europe. 



HISTORIC SITES. 

Franklin's Grave. — .Christ Church Cemetery, at Fifth and 
Arch Streets, contains the graves of Benjamin Franklin and 
Deborah, his wife; Dr. Benjamin Rush, Generals Cadwalader 
and Morgan, of the Continental Army, Commodores Trux- 
ton, Bainbridge and Dale, of the Navy, and many citizens of 



34 



Colonial times. The Franklin grave is in the northwest cor- 
ner of the cemetery, and can be seen through an iron barred 
gate at the southeast corner of Fifth and Arch Streets. 

First United States Mint — 37-39 North Seventh Street. 
This building, like other historic shrines in Philadelphia, w^as 
demolished only writhin recent years. It was the first public 
building erected by authority of Congress for a public pur- 
pose. Here Washington, in 1792, delivered some silver from 
which the so-called Washington dimes and half-dimes were 
coined. The silver-center cent of 1792 and the silver dollar 
of 1804 were coined here. The regular coinage of copper 
began in 1793; silver, 1794; gold, 1795. Until 1816 all of 
the power was supplied by men and horses. 

University of Pennsylvania had its origin in 1740 in a 
building (destroyed in 1844) on Fourth Street, south of Arch. 
Part of the portal of the original building and a section of 
the old dormitory may still be seen, as may also the Pro- 
vost's House at the southwest corner of Fourth and Arch 
Streets, where, for a time Lowell lived. The University was 
located here until 1802, when it was removed to a site at 
Ninth and Chestnut Streets, where the Presidential (White 
House) Mansion was once situated, and where the Post Office 
now stands. 

House in which the Declaration o£ Independence was 
written.^At the southwest corner of Seventh and Market 
Streets stood the house where Jefferson and others drafted the 
Declaration. 

The First United States Navy Yard, in use from 1794 to 
1876, was located at Delaware Avenue and Pine Street. 



HISTORIC GERMANTOWN. 

Germantown, including Mt. Airy and Chestnut Hill, lies 
north and east of the Wissahickon. It can be reached by the 
Pennsylvania and Reading Railroads, and by numerous trolley 
lines. The old portion of the town is very rich in historical 
associations, and Chestnut Hill is marked by country seats and 
mansions with extensive grounds and frequent examples of 
fine Colonial architecture. 

Germantown was founded in 1688 by English Quakers, Mo- 
ravians, Dunkers. Mennonites, Dutch and German religionists of 
similar tenets. David Rittenhouse, the astronomer and scientist, 
was born in Germantown. His father was manager of the first 
paner mill in America, on Paper Mill Run, in a little settlement 
still called Rittenhouse Town, where part of the old mill still 
stands, close to the beginning of Lincoln Drive. 

Germantown Avenue is rich in historic houses and grounds. 
At Logan Street (4900) is Hood's Cemetery, one of the first 

35 




Scenes Along the Wissahickon. 



burial places in the town. Buried in the cemetery are General 
Agnew, the British commander killed in the battle of Gernian- 
town. At 5106 is the house of Commodore Barron, who killed 
Decatur in a duel; at 5109 was framed, in 1688, the first protest 
against slavery. The William Shippen house at 5140 was used 
for several years by Gilbert Stuart; here he painted the por- 
trait of Washington. In. the old Wister house, 5261, Sally Wis- 
ter wrote her delightful "Diary." An old meeting house stands 
at the corner of Coulter Street. Diagonally across is the house 
where Louisa jM. Alcott was born. Opposite the Soldiers' Mon- 




Chew Mansion— Scene of Battle of Germantcwn. 

ument in old Market Square is the Morris House (5442), built 
in 1772, and used by General Washington as an executive man- 
sion during the yellow fever epidemic of 1793-94. The German- 
town Site and Relic Society occupies the old Wistar mansion 
in Vernon Park, just above Chelten Avenue (5700). The house 
has been made a museum, and contains a number of very in- 
teresting historical relics. At the Old Green Tree Inn, 6019 Ger- 
mantown Road, on December 6, 1759, was organized the Union 
School of Germantown, now Germantown Academy, one of the 
oldest preparatory schools in the country, still housed in the 
building built for it in 1769 at School House Lane and Greene 
Street. North of High Street is the old Pastorius House (6026), 



2>7 



used as a hospital by the British, where Lafayette was received 
on his second visit. At 6043, a Shippen house iii the old days, 
General Cornwallis stayed, while in command in Germantown, 
under Howe, immediately before the battle. At West Walnut 
La^ne (6100) is an old stone house, the oldest in Germantown, 
built in 1690 and used as a hospital during the Revolution. Above 
Herman Street (6115) is the old Mennonite Meeting House, 
erected in 1770. The Concord, or Old Ax Burying Ground, in 
which Revolutionary and British soldiers are buried, is on the 
east side of Germantown Avenue, above Washington Lane 
(6300). The Johnson House (6306), where there was heavy 
fighting, is now occupied by the Germantown Women's Club. 
Chew House, at Main and Johnson Streets (6400), was the cen- 
ter of the Battle of Germantown, on October 4, 1777. British 
troops were driven by a part of the Continental Army to take 
refuge in the mansion, which still bears the marks of shot and 
shell. The Billmeyer House, from which General Washington 
directed the course of the battle, stands at the northeast corner 
of the Avenue and Upsal Street (6500). The Dunker Church, or 
Church of the Brethren, built by the first congregation of that 
church in America, is just above Sharpnack Street (6600). 
At 6669 is the oldest school house in Germantown, having been 
built by St. Michael's Lutheran Church l^efore 1740. From 
this point a trolley car may be taken through Mt. Air} 
and Chestnut Hill. In Mt. Airy, at 7301 Germantown Avenue, 
is the Lutheran Theological Seminary: at 7400 is the Pennsyl- 
vania histitution for the Deaf and Dumb. 

To the west of Germantown, along the Wissahickon and 
the_ Schuylkill, are many interesting hostelries and mansions, 
dating back to Colonial days. Among these might be men- 
tioned the William Smith house at the Falls, overlooking the 
Schuylkill. The first Provost of the Universitv lived here 
from 1773 to 1800. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GOVERNMENT 
INSTITUTIONS. 

City Hall, at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets, is 
built around a central courtyard. With the courtyard it covers 
four and a half acres of ground. It was begun in 1871 and fin- 
ished in about ten years, at a cost of $25,000,000. The 
basement is of granite, the superstructure of Massachusetts 
marble. The architecture is composite. The tower is 548 feet 
high. The building contains the offices of the city departments, 
the State Supreme Court. Common Pleas Courts and others. 
Chambers of Council, and county of^ces. The statue of Wil- 

38 



Ham Penn, at the top of the tower, weighs 53,348 pounds, and 
is Zl feet high. The clock tower is 361 feet above the street. 
The length of the minute hand is 10 feet 8 inches. The building 
is 486x470 feet, seven stories high, and contains 622 rooms. Therq 
is a floor area of XAYi acres. Guides may be obtained at the 
Bureau of City Property. There are many fine carvings and 
some of the offices and chambers are handsomely decorated. 
On the plaza are equestrian statues of Major-General John F. 
Reynolds and General George B. McClellan, and statues of 
Joseph Leidy, Stephen Girard, John C. Bullitt, William McKinley 




City Hall. 

and Major-General Muhlenberg, the Revolutionary hero. Under 
the City Hall is a large central subway station. 

The United States Post Office, at Ninth and Chestnut 
Streets, is an imposing structure of four stories, surmounted 
by a dome one hundred and seventy feet high. It is built of 
dressed granite and cost eight millions of dollars. In the build- 
ing are the rooms of the United States Circuit Court, Internal 
Revenue, Pension Bureau, Lighthouse Board, Weather Bureau 
and other Government departments. The building occupies the 
site of the former "Presidential Mansion," built for the Presi- 



39 



dent of the United States when the capital was in Philadelphia. 
The site was occupied by the University of Pennsylvania from 
1802 to 1873. In front of the Post Office now stands a beautiful 
bronze statue of Benjamin Franklin, the founder of the Uni- 
versity, and at one time postmaster of Philadelphia. 

The Philadelphia Navy Yard is situated at League Island, 
on the Delaware River, at the junction with the Schuylkill 
River, at the end of South Broad Street. It covers about one 
thousand acres and has about nine miles of water line, including 
the back channel. The yard is open to the public from 8 A. M. 
to 4.30 A. M. The shops are not open to the public. Vessels of 
every type, from the smallest submarine to the greatest dread- 
naught, are stationed here at all times, and usually a number 
of these ships are open to visitors between 10 A. M. and 4 
P. M. The Navy Yard was established about 1794, at Delaware 
Avenue and Pine Street, and moved to League Island in 1876. 
There are two drydocks, one 500 feet long and 133 feet wide, 
the other 754 feet long and 140 wide, and a third 1700 feet long is 
proposed. The yard is the only fresh water station on the 
Atlantic Coast — a manifest advantage, as barnacles and marine 
growths die and drop off of ships' bottoms in fresh water. The 
shops were formerly engaged in repair work, but the yard is 
now also used for the construction of war vessels. There are 
many marine barracks and officers' residences in the yard. One 
of the most interesting features of the Yard is the Government 
aircraft factory. 

United States Mint. — The first United States Mint was built 
in 1792 on Seventh Street, south of Arch Street, and was the 
first building erected by the authority of Congress. David Rit- 
tenhouse was the first director. It was ruthlessly destroyed m 
1911 after many attempts to save it. The second Mint was built 
on classic lines in 1832, on the present site of the Widener 
Building at Chestnut Street, east of Broad. The present build- 
ing, the finest known, is built of Maine granite, and is located 
at Sixteenth and Spring Garden Streets. It has a frontage of 
400 feet. It cost two and a half millions of dollars, and has 
been occupied by the United States Government since 1901. 
Visitors are admitted daily, except Sunday, from 9 A. M. to 
3 P. M., and on Saturdays from 9 A. M. to 11.30 A. M. 

The United States Custom House, on the south side of 
Chestnut Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets, was orig- 
inally built for the United States Bank. It was designed by 
William Strickland, completed in 1824, at an expense of nearly 
$500,000, and in some respects is designed after the Parthenon 
at Athens. The United States Bank was closed by Andrew 
Jackson. Many eminent men have been collectors of the Port 
of Philadelphia, including an ex-Secretary of the Navy and 
three ex-Governors of Pennsylvania. The building is open to 

40 



the public from 9 A. M. to 4.30 P. M., Saturday to 12 o'clock 
noon. 

Frankford Arsenal is at Bridge Street and Tacony Road. 
It covers many acres of ground. It was established in 1816, and 
is one of the largest establishments of its kind in the country. 
To reach the arsenal take car marked "Bridesburg," on Third 
Street. 

Schuylkill Arsenal.— Since 1873 the old Schuylkill Arsenal 
on Gray's Ferry Road has been the Philadelphia Depot of the 
Quartermaster's Department. United States Army. Uniforms 
and national flags are manufactured at this depot. 




United States Mint at Sixteenth and Spring Garden Streets. 

FILTRATION PLANTS AND WATER SUPPLY. 

The water supply of Philadelphia is pumped into extensive 
filter plants from the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers by huge 
pumping stations located along their banks and distributed 
throughout the city by almost 2000 miles of mains. The total 
capacity of these filter beds is 382,000,000 gallons daily, or about 
190 gallons daily for each person in Philadelphia. The plants 
are located as follows: 

Belmont, at Ford Road and Belmont Avenue; the plant 
has 18 slow and 18 rapid filter beds, a basin of 16,500,000 gal- 
lons, and a daily capacity of 40,000,000 gallons. 



41 



Roxborough, on Ridge Avenue near Shawmont; the lower 
plant has 5 slow and 11 rapid filter beds, a basin of 3,000,000 
gallons; the upper plant has 8 slow filter beds, a basin of 8,000,- 
000 gallons; the two plants have a capacity of 32,000,000 gallons 
daily. 

Queen Lane, at Fox and Queen Lanes; this plant has 22 
slow and 40 rapid filter beds, a basin of 50,000,000 gallons, and 
a daily capacity of 70,000,000 gallons. 

Torresdale, on the Delaware River; this plant has 65 slow 
and 120 rapid filter beds, a basin of 50,000,000 gallons and a 
daily capacity of 240,000,000 gallons. The plant and its pump- 
ing station are of especial interest and well worth a visit. 

High pressure direct pumping stations are located on the 
Delaware and on Broad Street at Race Street for the protection 
of the central districts of the city against fire. 



SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS, MUSEUMS. 

The American Philosophical Society was founded in 1743, 
and in 1785 erected the present building rn Independence 
Square. In 1769 "The Junto," a similar society, was merged 
with it. Its first president was Benjamin Franklin, succeeded 
by David Rittenhouse, Thomas Jefferson, Caspar Wistar, and 
other distingushed men. The society, which is the oldest and 
probably the most exclusive scientific body in America, in its 
laws, ideals and methods of work, took for its model the Royal 
Society of London, and began the publication of its "Transac- 
tions" in 1771, and its ^Proceedings," in 1838. It has a library 
of upwards of 70,000 volumes, which is open daily from 10 to 
5, with the exception of Saturday, when it closes at 1. It meets 
on the first Friday evening of each month, from October to 
May, in its hall on Independence Square. Part of this building- 
was occupied by the Medical School of the University of Penn- 
sylvania in its early years. 

The Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, or- 
ganized in 1785, is another venerable institution, as is the Penn- 
sylvania Horticultural Society, established in 1827, and The 
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, founded in 1828, and de- 
scribed in another chapter of this booklet. 

Wagner Free Institute of Science, at Seventeenth Street and 
Montgomery Avenue, was founded by WilTiam Wagner in 1855. 
It contains a large library and a museum, and conducts an an- 
nual course of free pul)lic lectures, generally on scientific sub- 
jects. 

The University Museum was founded in 1889, by William 
Pepper. The ground for this building and gardens, almost 

42 



twelve acres, was donated by the city. The Museum is located 
on Spruce Street east of Thirty-fourth Street. The Philadelphia 
Commercial Museums, the largest of their kind in America, 
described under the head of Industrial and Commercial Estab- 
lishments, are located in the rear. 

The University Museum is under the care of a Board of 
Managers, of whom four are Trustees of the University. It 
contains the collections belonging to the Museum in the fields 
of archaelogy, ethnology and art. It maintains these collec- 
tions for the benefit of the public and extends its educational 







h 








1 




^^^ 




^siniS^ 


1 


1 


Bill 


1 


^^^^P^'*^' 


1^ ><-• 


^' 



American Philosophical Society Building, Old United States Supreme 
Court House, and Independence Hall. 

work by means of public lectures, publications and by its per- 
manent exhibitions as^well as special exhibitions that are ar- 
ranged from time to tTme. All of these are free to the public. 
It is hoped that in time the University Museum will bear the 
same relation to Philadelphia as the Metropolitan Museum does 
to New York. 

The Museum is visited by more than 100,000 people each 
year and every Saturday afternoon more than a thousand at- 
tend the lectures given by the best authorities on the subjects 
of exploration, archaelogy and art. 



43 



The building, as planned, in its complete form will cover 
a tract of twelve acres extending from Thirtv-foiirth Street to 




the Schuylkill River on the south side of Spruce Street. This 
plan was laid out in 1897 for gradual development by sections. 

44 



One of these sections was finished and dedicated on December 
20, 1899. The museum is open to the pubHc daily and on Sun- 
day afternoons. 

The College of Physicians, on Twenty-second Street below 
Chestnut, was suggested by Dr. John Morgan to Thomas Penn 
as early as 1767, but was not actually instituted until 17^6. the 
first officers were: president, John Redman; vice-president, John 
Jones; treasurer, Gerardus Clarkson; secretary, James Hutch- 
inson; censors, William Shippen, Jr., Benjamin Rush, John Mor- 
gan and Adam Kuhn. The purpose of ^he college is to ad- 
vance the science of medicine, by recording the changes that 
are produced in diseases, and by intercourse and communica- 
tions. The active membership is in the neighborhood of 50J. 
There are also a limited number of associate fellows, foreign 
associate fellows and corresponding fellows. 

The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, at Nine- 
teenth and Race Streets, was founded in 1812. The title was 
suggested by Dr. Samuel Jackson, of the University of Penn- 
sylvania. Portraits of several of the founders are hung in the 
library, which contains more than 60,000 volumes, exclusively 
for reference. The museum is one of the most important in 
existence. The vertebrate animals number about 130,000 speci- 
mens, including 12,000 mammals, 60,000 birds, 20,000 rep- 
tiles, and 40,000 fishes. Insects are estimated at 400,000; shells 
at 1,500,000; fossils at 50,000; archaeological material, 20,000 
pieces; dried plants, 600,000. The Academy and its extensive 
museums are open to the public. 

The Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the 
Promotion of the Mechanic Arts was founded February 5, 1824, 
by Samuel V. Merrick, Prof. William H. Keating, George W. 
Smith and Dr. Robert E. Griffith. The Institute has occupied 
its own building, on Seventh Street below Market, since 1826. 
The library, containing 67,436 volumes and 29,327 pamphlets, 
is devoted solely to works on applied science and technology 
and is especially rich in serials. Complete sets of all the lead- 
ing scientific publications of the worfd are on file. The col- 
lection of historical models includes. Dr. Franklin's electrical 
machine, model of George Stevenson's locomotive, 1816; model 
of Oliver Evan's "Oructor Amphibiolis," and the original Yale 
lock. The Journal of The Franklin Institute, published con- 
tinuously since 1826, is the only record in existence which gives 
lists and descriptions of patents granted in the United States 
between 1826 and 1859. The first session of the Institute's School 
of Mechanic Arts was opened in the spring of 1824. 

Memorial Hall, in Fairmount Park, is north of Parkside 
Avenue near Forty-first Street. It is, like Horticultural Hall, 
a permanent reminder of the Centennial Exposition of 1876. It, 

45 



contains the Wilstach and other collections of paintings and 
many interesting articles presented by foreign governments at 
the close of the Exposition. There are also large collections of 
ceramics, carvings, textiles and other objects of art, including 
those belongmg to the School of Industrial Art. The museum 
is under the joint direction of the Fairmount Park Commission 
and the School. 

Municipal Art Museum, in course of construction, on 
Reservoir Hill in Fairmount Park, will be one of the great art 
galleries of the world, and will be a fitting and monumental ter- 
minus of the Parkway. It will not only house the many valu- 
able collections now owned by the city (including the recently 
acquired John G. Johnson collection) but will undoubtedly 
also include some well known private collections of Philadelphia. 



EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 

The Public School system of Philadelphia was organized in 
1818, with six schools and ten teachers, it now has more than 
two hundred buildings including eight high schools. Some of 
the high school buildings rank among the most "costly and elab- 
orate educational buildings in the United States. 

The Central .High School of Philadelphia, located at Broad 
and Green Streets, was established under an Act of the Leg- 
islature of Pennsylvania, in 1836. The first building was on 
Juniper Street below Market Street. By Act of Assembly of 
April 9, 1849, the school was granted the power to confer aca- 
demic degrees upon its graduates. In 1853 a building at the 
southeast corner of Broad and Green Streets was erected, and 
the cornerstone of the present building was laid nearly opposite 
in 1894. 

Other high school buildings are located in the districts of 
Germantown, Frankford. Northeast Philadelphia, West Phila- 
delphia, South Philadelphia. There are also several Schools of 
Pedagogy, and schools devoted exclusively to girls, such as the 
Girls' High School, the William Penn High School and the 
Girls' Normal School. 

University of Pennsylvania, West Philadelphia (see special 
chapter devoted to this subject, p. 76). 

Temple University, at Broad and Berks Streets, was founded 
by the Rev. Russell Conwell in 1888, as a college for young peo- 
ple who were occupied in industrial pursuits during the day and 
who desired to study in tTie evening. The power to confer de- 
grees was granted in 1891, and a day department was opened. 
The charter was amended in 1907. changing the name to Temple 
University. The Theological School was opened in 1893: the 
Law School in 1895; the Medical School in 1901, and tHe Den- 

46 



tal School in 1907. Though at first started as an enterprise of 
Grace Temple Baptist Church, the University is strictly non- 
sectarian, it is probably the most successful and efficient school 
of its kind in existence. A movement has recently been started 
for a new building covering a whole city block. 

Medical Center. — Philadelphia has been the center of med- 
ical education ever since the establishment in 1765 of the Med- 
ical School of the Unive;rsity of Pennsylvania, which was the 
first medical school in America. It has now a number of im- 
portant medical and dental schools and schools of pharmacy, 
and all combined have probably the largest student enrollment 
in the country. It is also the leading center for medical publica- 
tions. 

Jefferson Medical College, at Tenth and Walnut Streets, 
was organized in 1825 as the Medical Department of the Jef- 




Girard College— Main Building. 

ferson College of Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The first class 
was graduated in 1826; and for each of the subsequent ninety 
years, other classes have received the medical degree — the 
graduates numbering almost 14,000. In 1838, the Legislature of 
Pennsylvania conferred upon this institution a separate Uni- 
versity Charter, making it an independent corporation. Its 
equipment consists of the Medical Hall, Laboratory Building. 
Hospital, Clinical Amphitheatre, Nurses' Home, the Baugh 
Institute of Anatomy and the Maternity Building. A library, 
extensive museums, modern laboratories, dispensaries and a 
training school for nurses are connected with the College. 



47 



Woman's Medical College on North College Avenue at 
Twenty-first Street, founded in 1850, was the first woman's med- 
ical college in the world, and each year attracts women from 
all parts of the globe. It has a wefl equipped plant, including 
hospital, dispensaries, etc. 

Hahnemann Medical College, on Broad Street above Race, 
founded in 1848. was the first school of medicine to teach 
Homeopathy. It has a well equipped pknt and conducts a large 
hospital for its students. 

William Penn Charter School occupies a historic school- 
house on Twelfth Street below Market Street. It was founded 
in 1689 and granted a charter by William Penn, and is the oldest 
college preparatory school in the country. It was incorporated 
in 1698 bv the Quakers. 



4 


"■ ::^& 



Drexel Institute. 

Philadelphia School of Pharmacy and the Philadelphia 
Dental School are likewise the first schools of their kind to be 
established in America. 

Germantown Academy was a union school, founded by Luth- 
erans and Friends in 1759, and opened in 1761. During the 
Revolution it was greatly depleted, but in 1784 was reorganized 
as the Germantown Public School. It has been known as the 
Germantown Academy since 1796; and ranks among the best 
college preparatory schools in the United States. 

There are numerous other high class private preparatory 
schools in Philadelphia, among which might be mentioned the 



48 



Friends' Select Schools in Germantown, at Fifteenth and Race 
S reets; the Episcopal Academy; the Chestnut Hill Icademy; 

and others in the outlymg districts of the city <tucmy, 

Girard College, situated o-n Girard Avenue, between Ridge 
Avenue and West College Avenue, was established in 1830 by 
Mephen Girard who was born at Bordeaux, France, in 1750 
h.uh f^Z of allegiance to the State of Pennsylvania in 1778; 
death in S^r '\u^ merchant ships, and at the time of his 
death m 1831, was the richest man in the country. His body 
rests in a sarcophagus in the south vestibule of the main build- 
o,; J ^ ^^'^ '' ""^ institution for the rearing and educa- 
tion of orphan boys, wKo are admitted between six and ten years 
of age, and may continue in the college until from fourteen to 
eighteen years of age. The normal capacity of the college's 

The M^ln'n U-"" ^^'u-'l ^-'^ °^ ^'■°"' fi^^ to eight hundred. 
IhuJfi- ^"'^^"^-. ^hich is one of the most handsome in 
PhiladelpFia, is an imposing edifice of Greek architectural de- 
sign. The grounds coyer forty-one acres, on which are about 
Ir.ZrT ^^'^' buildmgs. It is one of the most heavily en- 
dowed educational institutions in the world. Visitors are ad- 
mitted daily, except Sunday, by tickets to be procured at the 

CheTtnut St^ee?'" "''' °" ^°"'^ ^^'^^'^ ^'''''' "^'^^^ of 

^5'*^°''im?"^^5:'~^' ^"^""^^^^ ^c^ool for orphan girls was 
opened in 918 at Erdenheim, near Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia 
which, with Its large grounds and generous endowment fs 
destined to become as great an institution as Girard College 

Drexel Institute o£ Art, Science and Industry, at Chestnut 
and ihirty-second Streets, was founded by Anthony J. Drexel, 
a noted Philadelphia banker, in 1891, "for the extension and 
improvement of industrial education." The building is of light 
butt brick with terra-cotta ornamentations; the interior is very 
rich, with pillars of red Georgian marble, lofty halls, and stained 
glass windows. The library and museum contain very interest- 
ing collections. Ln an auditorium seating 1500 persons is an 
organ of great size and wonderful tone. Frequent concerts and 
lectures are given to the public free of charge, during the aca- 
demic season. 

The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, at Broad and 
Cherry Streets, the oldest art institution in the United States, 
was founded in 1805, and chartered in the year following, but 
actually dates from 1791, when Charles Wilson Peale attempted 
to organize in Philadelphia a school for the Fine Arts This 
purpose was not successful, but out of it grew in 1794 the 
Columbianum. and in the following year, under the auspices of 
this Association, there was held in the State House the f^rst 
exhibition of paintings in Philadelphia. The Columbianum 
existed tor only a few years, but the interest of the elder Peale 

49 



in a society or school to advance the cause of the fine arts never 
abated, and to his efforts v^as chiefly due the formation of the 
Nation's first art academy. The present building, containing 
both the Galleries and the School of the Fine Arts, was opened 
to the public in 1876. The permanent collection of paintings 
and sculpture includes the Gallery of National Portraiture, the 
Temple Collection of Modern American Paintings, and the 
Gibson Collection, which is composed largely of works of the 
Continental Schools. The hours on weekdays are from 9 to 5, 
and on Sundays from 1 to 5. 

In 1917 the Academy opened a summer school at Chester 




Academy of the Fine Arts. 

Springs, Pa., located in the beautiful Chester valley, in a group 
of buildings famous in Colonial days. 

The School of Industrial Art, at Broad and Pine Streets, 
was opened in May, 1877. Instruction is given in drawing, 
painting, modeling, designing, spinning of yarns, dyeing, weav- 
ing and finishing and various otTTer trades and manufactures. 
It is one of the largest schools of its kind in the country, and 
a fund of two million dollars is now being collected for a new 
monumental building to be located on the Parkway near the 
new Art Museum. Visitors are welcome during school hours. 

SO 



The School of Design for Women is at Broad and Master 
Streets. It was founded in 1850, under the patronage of the 
FrankHn Institute. Some of America's most eminent women 
artists have had their training here. The building was formerly 
the city residence of Edwin Forrest, the great American tra- 
gedian. 

The American Academy of Music, at Broad and Locust 
Streets, was built in 1856. It has a seating capacity of almost 
3000. It is now the home of the Philadelphia Orchestra, an 
institution endowed by the people of Philadelphia, and one of 
the great musical organizations of the world. 

At The Metropolitan Opera House, Broad and Poplar 
Streets, are given each year a series of grand operas, recitals 
and concerts, the quality and variety of which are not surpassed 
anywhere. Most oTTKe eminent soloists and musical geniuses 
have appeared here. 




Widener Training School, 

Widener Memorial Industrial Training School for Crippled 
Children, at Broad Street and Olney Avenue, was founded in 
1902 by P. A. B. Widener, a merchant and financier of Phila- 
delphia, as a memorial to his wife and a son, in consultation 
with Dr. De Forest Willard, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery 
ill the University of Pennsylvania. The buildings are fine exam- 
ples of Colonial style of architecture. A seashore branch is lo- 
cated at Longport, near Atlantic City, N. J. There are usually 
about one hundred children in the institution. 

Bryn Mawr College, on the Main Line of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, ten miles from Broad Street Station, was founded in 
1880, by the will of Dr. Joseph W. Taylor, of Burlington, N. J., 
as a college for women. It was opened for instructio'n in 1885. 
The grounds cover 52 acres of beautiful lawns, trees and land- 
scape gardens, hills and valleys, 420 feet above the level of the 
sea. It has about five hundred students. 

Swarthmore College, eleven miles from Philadelphia, on the 
central division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, was founded in 

51 



1864, by the Society of Friends as a co-educational institution, 
without sectarian restrictions for admission. The grounds cover 
200 acres on which are four large buildings and an astronomical 
observatory. It has about 500 students, approximately one-haif 
ot whom are women. 

Haverford College, on the Main Line of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, nine miles from Broad Street Station, was founded 
as a school in 1833, by the Society of Friends. From the be- 
ginning It gave instruction of collegiate scope, and in 1856 was 
incorporated as a college. The preparatory department was 
abolished in 1861. It has a generous endowment; there are no 
denominational distinctions, its numbers are limited and its stu- 
dents carefully selected. It is noted for the academic proficiency 
of its graduates. It has about 200 students. 

Villanova College, twelve miles from Philadelphia, on the 
Main Line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, was founded in 1842 by 
the Augustinian Fathers of the Roman Catholic Church 'and 
nanied for St. Thomas of Villanova, Bishop of Valencia ' The 
college was chartered by the Legislature in 1849. The grounds 
Yn% "^^^/^et above tidewater. The college has between 300 and 
400 students. 

Among the Catholic higher educational institutions in Phil- 
adelphia are La Salle and St. Joseph Colleges and the high 
schools for boys and girls. 



INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS. 
Industrially Philadelphia is the second manufacturing city 
I A }^"'^f^ ^^ates and one of the greatest in the world. It is 
noted tor the large variety of products and their high quality, 
especially in all textile products and steel products, which is 
largely due to the permanency of the artisan class, many of 
whom have continued in the same trades from generation to 
generation. 1 he capital invested represents more than seven 
hundred m; .ions of dollars, and the annual production more 
than one billion dollars. 

trial^nlaS'tsTf"'tL^''V"''^^''-^ ^^^ °^ '^^ ^^'^^ ^"^ representative indus- 
the CSL of ?Ln./- r"'"'' mterested in special iTnes should consult 
tne i^haffiDer of Commerce, Commercial Museums, or Rotary Club offices: 

Baldwin Locomotive Works— North Broad Street and Soring Garden 

TtKiir V Txr , o- ^^'^^ Street and Delaware River. 
Fr^nVfn f A^°''''',-^^'^^y-/^^o"^ Street and Woodland Avenue, 
l-rankford Arsenal-East from Bridesburg Station 

publYc"o A M^'fo . P" M^"^^"'^^ ""^ ^-r'"^ ^^'■^^" Streets, open to the 
puDuc 9 A. M to 3 p. M. Saturdays until noon. 

lar^Sthandsimei?^ Company-Walnut and South Sixth Street. One of the 

to'Sazin" prTlIdnV "" ""'''' establishments in America devoted 

53 



Disston Saw Works — At Tacony. 

Textile Mills— In the Kensington district, by trolley to east Allegheny 
Avenue and North Front Street. Carpet mills in the former district and 
also at Falls Village and Manayunk, via Ridge Avenue trolley. 

Wanamaker's Store — A world's fair and museum in itself. Other big 
department stores are those of Strawbridge & Clothier, Gimbel Bros., Lit 
Bros., and Snellenburg's. 

Vim Automobile Assembling Works— Market and Twenty-third Streets. 

Brewery Town — Center at Thirty-second and Master Streets. Bergner & 
Engel, Baltz, Bergdoll, American, Weger Brothers and Poth. Thirty others 
in various parts of the city. Since prohibition most of these breweries have 
been converted into useful industrial plants. 

Automobile Row— From Broad and Arch to Broad and Poplar Streets, 
with a new sectional development on West Chestnut and Market Streets 
near the Schuylkill River. 

Spreckels and Franklin and McCahan sugar refineries, foot of Reed Street. 




School of Industrial Art. 



Pennsylvania Sugar Refinery, foot of Shackamaxon Street. 

J. B. Lippincott Company — Book publishers, on Washington Square. 

Excelsior Stove Works — Erie Avenue and Sepviva Street in Frankford. 

Foerderer Leather and Kid Leather Works — Frankford. 

Gillinder & Sons Glass Works — Tacony. 

Hires-Turner Glass Company — 230 South Thirtieth Street. 

Snellenburg & Company, Clothing Manufacturers — Broad and Wallace. 

Potter Oilcloth Mills— Second and Erie. 

H. K. Mulford Chemical Co.— 412 S. Thirteenth Street. 

Liggett & Meyers Cigar Co. — Third and Ontario. 

Bromley Carpet Mills — Front and Lehigh. 

Dobson's Carpet Mills — Falls of Schuylkill. 

Electric Storage Battery Co. — Nineteenth and Allegheny. 

Hale & Kilburn Co. — 1600 Lehigh Avenue. 

Standard Roller Bearing Co. — 5001 Lancaster Avenue. 



54 



Dupont Paint and Chemical Works — Point Breeze. 

Quaker City Lace Co. — Twenty-second and Lehigh. 

Kirshbaum Clothing Co.— looi S. Broad Street. 

Reach Sporting Goods Co. — 1703 Tulip Street. 

Kolb and Freihofer Bakeries. 

Shoenhut Company— Adams and Sepviva Streets. One of the largest toy 
factories in the world. 

Atlantic Refining Company— At Point Breeze. 

D. B. Martin Company, Slaughtering of Cattle— Thirtieth and' Market. 

Midvale Steel Company — On Wissahickon Avenue at Nicetown. 

Philadelphia Electric Plant. 

John B. Stetson Company, Hat Manufacturers (leading factory in Amer- 
ica)— Fifth Street and Montgomery Avenue. 

Powers-Weightman-Rosengarten — 916 Parrish Street. 

Fels & Company, Soap Manufacturers — Seventy-third and Woodland Ave. 

Stephen F. Whitman & Sons, Confectioners— Fourth and Race Streets. 

Laird, Schober & Co., Shoe Manufacturers — Twenty-second and Market. 

Edwin H. Fitler Company, Cordage— Bridesburc:, above the Arsenal. 

Schlichter-Jute Cordage Company^Erie and Trenton Avenues. 

Schoebel Hat Company— Tenth and Oxford Streets. 

Aircraft Factory — Philadelphia Navy Yard. 



The following is a list of the 1920 classifications of products represented 
in the Rotary Club of Philadelphia: 

Adding, Bookkeeping and Calculating Machines (Burroughs) Geo. A. Henrich 

Addressographs Raymond F. Porter 

Advertising H. E. Wheeler 

Advertising Jarvis A. Wood 

Agricultural Implements S. P. Lummus 

Air Compressors, Rock Drills and Pneumatic Tools. . .William B. Brendlinger 

Apartment House Owner ..Henry Wiederhold 

Apple Orchards and Fruit Grower Harry Darlington 

Architect Albert Kelsey, 

Architectural Terra-Cotta, Manufacturer Thomas F. Armstrong 

Atomizers and Perfumers Elton B. Andrews 

Attorney (Collection) A. T. Johnson 

Automatic Sprinklers J. J. Wernle 

Automobile Tires , W. Ross Walton, 

Automobiles, Electric J. Crawford Bartlett 

Automobiles, Passenger (costing more than $2500), Packard. .Walter Y. Anthony, 
Automobiles, Passenger (costing less than $1500), Overland ..Harry B. Harper 

Auto Bodies and Wagons Thomas K. Quirk 

Axminster Rugs, Manufacturer R. E. Vickerman 

Baggage and Local Express William J. Crout 

Ball Bearings Henry W. Jackson 

Bar Iron Manufacturer Wm. H. Hughes 

Beds and Bedding, Manufacturer Lawrence R. Dougherty 

Biscuits, Cakes, Crackers, Manufacturer W. Wallace Roberts 

Black Line Reproductions and Blue Prints Harry F. Sieber 

Bleachers of Cotton Towels John F. Davidson 

Blowers, Manufacturer Benjamin Adams 

Boilers and Iron Tanks James Thompson 

Boilers and Radiators William E. Tinker 

Bone Products, Manufacturer Norman B. Hafleigh 

Books and Stationery George W. Jacobs 

Boy Scouts E. Erner Goodman 

Bread and Cake Bakery Wm'. Friehofer 

Bridge Builder (Steel) Clarence H. Chubbuck 

Builder, Operative Walter S. Bauer 

Builders' Mill Work William E. Gibson 

55 



Building Reports t • o t^ r 

Building Brick L«"»s S DeLone 

Business School ...John H. Larley 

Building Supplies ....Louis BMoffett 

Butter (Wholesale) : J^f^P^ ^ij "^^^""-^V 

Card Mounts (Photographic) "; V. 'i^V ir^"""''^ 

Catsup and Baked Beans.. -^°w?n- ^^- S^'^'"?" 

Cement ,^il ham H. Ritter 

Cemetery vVuliam D. Lober 

Cereal ManufaciurerV.V;;.V.V;; '. ?,l°T a^' A^f'"^^"" 

Certified Public Accountant '. Re^ W t C <^. v"7^ 

Chair Manufacturer Herbert G. Stockwe 

Chemicals, Medicinal Ambrose RRossel 

Chemicals, Manufacturer... ^ ' " : " " ' : " •^- ?; ??!^^t 

Chemist, Manufacturing. V ; " Benjatnm S. Mechling 

Cigar Manufacturer.... ... ...Hilson H Whyte 

Cigarettes, Manufacturer .■.■;.■:: ' FH^i^^'p r u^ 

Clothing, Ready to Wear fe' Q p T 

Co^J' fiTnr' '"^ ""'' (Wholesale)\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\L:Minford Humnchouse 

Coal (Retail) .'.v. ■.■.■.■.'.■.■. ^^'""w-n-^' ^^estnut 

Coal Tar Products ■.■.■.".■. iii i ^'^rl" ^*f-^" 

Cold Storage Construction. RefrigeratoVsVpipe^Vnd' Boiler 'cove^mg?''"'"' 
Cold Storage Construction, Refrigerators, Pipe and Pipe CovLtgs!'' '^'""' 

Commercial School Matthew A. Neely 

Confectionery Manufacturer....::::': Wilif/^^Q Ss ^f7" 

Consulting Engineer V\ ilham S. Doughten 

Consulting Engineer ^V" at ''e^''"?'!-'; 

Contractor in Concrete '.' J"^" ^^•. Po'"eroy 

Cooperage V.-'{" .""'".''''^ttJ- ^"^^ 

Cotton Goods Iwchard J Haniuton 

Custom House Broker ". Clarence W. Thomas 

Dairy Lunch V'^^^/t ^^''H^^ 

Dentist y,--- !"• H. Haight 

Dress Goods Manufacturer.:::::::::: ^'- ^p^'nT n r^V'n 

r)rne-s ^- Donald Folwell 

Drugs ...William H. Llewellyn 

Duplicating MachinesV.V.V.V.V.V." '. ^^"7 S> ^^''\^^''y 

g.SHl.^'fct.SrnS.^'r- -' H„.;e.y:;::;;:;::::;::;:.^„;eJ- 1- ^1^ 

Electrical Supplies... ^--^i ^i" Shepard 

Electric Light and Power. .. .•...•.■.".■. "^"^ ?• Stewart 

Electric Motors and Dynamos ^^°%^ S°'' S'^^" 

ileSyS' '^""'" ^^'-^-^"-'•■(Comme;ciai)::::::::::Frank ^"Whitniv 

Elevator Manufacturer; ' Pas'sengeV "and" FreighV.V.V.V.V.V.V ' '^Franl Mec^ili^n^ 

Emery Manufacturer ^ FrVH^/iAi T r^ Mechling 

Engineer for Inspection of Building MaieHais'and RluwLy EquPpnfe'nt"' ^'■• 

Engines Alexander J. Christie 

Engraver and Stationer. . .::::'.; ^^"''^''^ J- C-^'enian 

Envelopes, Manufacturer ". .■.■.■;.■.■. W.\;:' n^"" n 

Feet, Diseases of X-,;- • " y^^^' °„ ^at"'^t1' 

Fertilizers ^ nas. E. Hallowell. M. D. 

Fire Brick and" Clay ReVoVtV.V. '^'^'^^r^' Whetstone 

Fire Insurance Rate Making .W:'. CharleVAdnb,h"R '^"^' 

Florist, Retail <■ harle,s Adoli.h Hexamer 

Flour (Wholesale).. ..:: ':: *^A'^''If^ ^^"7 /oj^ 

Funeral Supplies ;;; ^-- ^ownsend Zook 

Furs Samuel B. Crall 

■ Theo. F. Siefert 

L 56 



^^s W; Joseph B. Myers 

Gas Meters... Wakeman Griffin Gribbel 

Gasoline and Naphthas Matthew F. Roberts 

General Stationers and Special Wire Products Walter Goff Farley 

Glass (All Kinds) john L. Moore 

Granite Memorials Martin J. Gessler 

Grinding, Polishing and Plating Materials Walter C Gold 

G^cer (Retail) John K. Horner 

Grocer (\Vholesale) Wilkins J. Perkins 

Grower of Roses Alfred Burton 

Haberdashery Auto Apparel Jacob F, Mansure 

Hair Lloth Manufacturer George S. Cox 

Hardware, Wagon and Automobile .William J Gerhab 

Hardware, Retail George A. Supplee 

Hardware, Wholesale Charles M. Biddle, Jr. 

Hat Bands, Adjustable lohn E. Wick 

Hats, Manufacturer Frank Schoble 

Hatter. George M. Keebler 

Heating Engineer Walter Bowers 

Heating Systems George A. Eagan 

Hollow Pile Fireproofing W. Harry Gaul 

Hosiery Manufacturer Charles Lehmuth 

Ice Cream and Cake David L. Schlegel 

Ice Making and Refrigerating Machinery William E. Hexamer 

Incandescent Gas Lights Robert J. Rolston 

Incandescent Gas Lamps H. H. Richman 

Incandescent Manufacturing j Scott Anderson 

Insulating Machinery R. W. Withington 

Insurance, Life and Accident Martin J Mulkin 

Insurance, Fire Edwin A. Bookmyer 

Insurance, Fire Alvert H. Edgar 

Insurance, Plate Glass and Burglary Harvey P. Lambirth 

Insurance, Surety Bonds and Casualty Harris J Latta 

Interior Decorator Frederick W. King 

Investment Banker Albert E. Turner 

Jeweler (Retail) Ralph C. Putnam 

Jute Cordage W. Kirkland Dwier 

Jute Cordage Frank E. Willsher 

Knitted Fabrics of Wool and Cotton, Manufacturer of E. Stanley Bowers 

Kodaks, Photo Supplies Albert Wunderlich 

Labels and Stickers E. Miner Fenton 

Laboratory and Scientific Glassware L. H Wood 

Laces and Lace Curtains Henry S. Bromley 

Lawyej. .... Glenn C. Mead 

Leaded Glass, Mural Painting Nicola D'Ascenzo 

Leather Belting Manufacturer W. G. Oaks 

Leather, Decorative Charles H. Sassaman 

j-lghting Fixtures Edward A. Van = ant 

Link Belts Richard W. Yerkes 

Link Belts James S. Watson. 

Locomotives William de Krafft 

Lubricating Oils George P. Smith 

Mahogany Lumber and Veneers Lawrence Appleton 

Mailing Lists Charles Paist, Jr. 

Mechanical Rubber Goods Josenh Emerson 

Mental Development Silas S. Neff 

Mercantile Reporting Joseph " J. Alexander 

Metal Working Machinery Charles. Morton 

^'l'^ C. Henderson . Suoolee 

Monotype Machines Joseph Hays 

Monotype Machines Willinm L. Madura 

Monumental Work John M. Gessler 

Moore Push-Pins Wm. Percy Mills 

Motion Picture Theatres Frank W. Buhler" 

57 



Moving and Storage Henry Waterman 

Musical Instruction Gilbert Raynolds Combs 

Naphthas and Gasolines Richard D. Leonard 

National Bank Allen M. Matthews 

Newspaper ("Philadelphia Record") Rowe Stewart 

Newspapers ("Philadelphia Record") George B. Donnelly 

Newspapers ("The Ledgers") Randolph Marshall 

Newspapers ("The Ledgers") Charles A. Tyler 

Newspaper Representative Howard C. Story 

Office Furniture M. W. Montgomery 

Oil Measuring Pumps, Filters and Meters William B. Stamford 

Optical Machinery and Tools Charles Car'- 

Optician j. Harry Bowers 

Osteopath James C. Snyder, D.O. 

Paint and Varnish Wm. W. Hodgson 

Painting Contractor Charles T. Fowler 

Pamphlet Binding George J. Weissgerber 

Paper Box Manufacturer Edwin J. Schoettle 

Paper and Cardboard Dealer Leon Beck 

Pastor, First Baptist Church Carter Helm Jones 

Patent Attorney Charles H. Howson 

Perfumes and Toilet Articles Charles N. Riggs 

Philadelphia Belt Line Railroad Ashbel Welch 

Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce Napoleon B. Kelly 

Photo-Engraver and Color-Engraver Charles A. Stinson 

Photographer (Commercial) James L. Dillon 

Photographer (Portrait) Ryland W. Phillips 

Physician Dr. Augustus Koenig 

Pig Iron Harry Dean Carson 

Pipe Valves, Fittings and Tools Edgar W. Koons 

Platform Entertainer and Writer Ralph Bingham 

Plumbing Contractor H. Graham English 

Plumbing Supplies Thomas H. Livezey 

Portland Cement Manufacturer Edward F. Cobb 

Poultry and Game William H. White 

Power and Hand Pumps Edward Spencer Jenison 

Power Plant Piping Charles H. Whitnev 

Power Transmission Machinery Eugene S. Grant 

Pressed Steel Automobile Bodies and Products Leo I. Heint?: 

Printing and Publishing Weston C. Boyd 

Public School (for boys) Charles C. Heyl 

Public School (for girls) Parke Schoch 

Publishers of Magazines Cyrus H. K. Curtis 

Publishers "The Farm Journal" .'irvin F. Paschall 

Railroads, P. & R. R. R George Ziegler 

Ranges and Water Heaters (Retail) C. Edwin Bartlett 

Rapid Transit Charles B. Fairchild, Jr. 

Real Estate Broker Edgar G. Cross 

Receiver of Taxes W. Freeland Kendrick 

Refrigerating Machinery, Absorption Alexander H. Holcombe 

Removal of Ashes George W. Shuster 

Restaurant and Catering Guy Gundaker 

Revolvers and Wrenches, Manufacturers of R. F. Sedgley 

Roofing and Sheet Metal Work T. Frank Decker 

Rotary Publicist Wm. H. Hay 

Rubber Play Balls Lee H. Heist 

Rubber Play Balls Malcolm Moore 

Rubber Hose Manufacturer Wm. M. Sibley 

Rugs and Carpets. Oriental and Domestic Robert A. Davis 

Sales and Order Books W. T. Abel! 

Scales, Trucks. Safes and Refrigerators Robert H. Jenkins 

Scottissue Products, Towels and Toilet Paper Thomas James Trotter 

Scrap Iron and Steel W. Perry E. Hitner 

Seamless Tubing Manufacturer S. L. Gabel 

58 



Seeds, Bulbs and Plants Frederick J. Michell 

Seeds, Bulbs and Plants Paul F. Richter 

Shoes, Manufacturer Thomas H. Edwards 

Shoes, Stockings and repair (Retail) A. H. Geuting 

Signs William A. Stuard 

Soap, Kirk's (Wholesale) Guy M. Boyer 

Social and Educational Service Frank C. Broadhead 

Soda Water Fountains Robert M. Green, Jr. 

Stationery, Commercial William Mann Prizer 

Stationery Manufacturer Eugene L. Matlack 

Steam and Hydraulic Packings, Manufacturer of Clement Restein 

Steamship Agent and Broker Robert J. Gailey 

Steel Castings Kern Dodge 

Steel Forgings Charles C. Davis 

Stevedore D. J. Murphy, Jr. 

Stock Broker Ernst A. Knoblauch 

Storage Batteries (Manufacture and Sale) Edward G. Steinmetz 

Storage Batteries (Manufacture and Sale) Joseph H. Tracy 

Storage and Removal of Household Goods Buell G. Miller 

Supervising Fire Underwriting J. Burns Allen 

Suburban Country Homes J. Smylie Herkness 

Talking Machines and Records (Victor) J. Ralph Wilson 

Tailors William G. Witlin 

Tapes and Bindings, Manufacturer John E. Fite 

Taxicabs Joseph T. Kinsley 

Telegraph Wil 1 iam M. Phill ips 

Telephone Service Philip C. Staples 

Telephone Service George S. Reinoehl 

Theatrical Harry T. Jordan 

Theatres, Legitimate Thomas M. Love 

Tiles William H. Watts 

Tin Plate, Metals and Sheet Copper Z. Taylor Hall, Jr. 

Tool and Alloy Steels, Manufacturer Thomas J. Moore, Jr. 

Trade Directory (National) Daniel N. Peirce 

Trucking Contractor Charles J. McGough 

Trunks, Bags and Suit Cases George B. Bains, Jr. 

Trust Company Harry L. McCloy 

Trust Company A. Raymond Bishop 

Turning Boys Into Good Citizens Charles W. Bainbridge 

Typewriters John H. Blodgett 

Typewriters Henry W. Buse 

Undertaker Schuyler Armstrong 

University of Pennsylvania George E. Nitzsche 

Upholstery and Drapery Trimmings Joseph E. Chappatte 

Utilities Bureau Clayton W. Pike 

Water Meters Harry E. Shenton 

Waste Paper Stock Thomas F. Simmons 

Water Proof Paper Azro D. Lamson 

Weather Metal Strips Leander B. Greene 

Willow Grove Park John R. Davies 

Window and Door Screens Albert E. Snowman 

Window Shadings Alfred Scholes 

Women's Wear Thomas Wriggins 

Women's Wear Charles C. Wriggins 

Wooden Tanks, Manufacturer W. Harrison Hall 

Woolen Rags and Wool Stock Thomas Chadwick 

Woolen and Worsted Cloths, Manufacturer Thomas W. Andrews 

Wrapping Paper and Twine Harvey E, Piatt 

59 



The Chamber of Commerce in the Widencr Building, Chest- 
nut Street near Broad, was formed by the union of the Trade's 
Union and the Merchants' and iManufacturers' Association. It 
has a membership of ahiiost 6000, and is affiliated with the State 
and National Chambers of Commerce. It occupies a most 
important position in the business life of the city, and covers 
a wide range of activities. Like the Rotary Club, it is non- 
political and interested in advancing the best interests of the 
city. It endeavors to instill the spirit of service, and through 
its many bureaus and committees works for civic advancement. 

The Commercial Museum is located on Thirty-fourth Street 
below Spruce, on grounds adjoining those of the University of 




Philadelphia Bourse. 

Pennsylvania Museum. It was founded by the City of Phila- 
delphia in 1894 through the influence of the late Dr. William 
Pepper, and is now one of the greatest institutions of its kind 
in America. It contains large collections of raw and manufac- 
tured products from all parts of the world, ethnological and 
other exhibits. It distributes cabinets of collections to public 
schools, maintains extensive museums, and conducts a Foreign 
Trade Bureau which supplies information on expert trade oppor- 
tunities and business conditions. It contains a library of more 
than 50,000 volumes, relating to foreign and domestic trade, 
travel and exploration. The exhibits are open to visitors with- 
out' charge from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. on weekdays, and from 1 
'P. M. to 5 P. M. on Sundays. It maintains a large exhibition 



60 



hall covering almost a city block, in which many trade exhibi- 
tions and conventions are held each year. 

The Curtis Publishing Company occupies the largest and 
handsomest publishing plant in the world. It is constructed of 
white marble and bricks, with an imposing front on Sixth Street. 
The principal publications issued are "The Ladies' Home Jour- 
nal," "The Saturday Evening Post," "The Country Gentleman" 
and the morning and evening "Public Ledgers." The building 
and plant are open to the public. 

The Philadelphia Bourse, located on Fifth Street, south of 
Market, is a general exchange similar to the Bourse of Ham- 
burg, for the meeting place of importers, manufacturers, mer- 




Commercial Museums. 

chants, bankers and representatives of all other lines of trade 
and industry. The company was chartered in 1891 and the 
building completed in 1895. There is a large machinery and 
mechanical exhibit on the basement floor, open to the public 
from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. The gallery of the exchange is open to 
visitors from 9.30 A. M. to 3.15 P. M. Business men from out- 
side the city can obtain visitors' tickets to the floor upon applica- 
tion to the secretary. 

The building is the home of the Board of Trade, Commer- 
cial Exchange, Maritime Exchange, Grocers' and Importers' Ex- 
change, Drug Exchange, Hardware Merchants' and Manufac- 
turers' Association, Paint Manufacturers' Club, etc.; Branch Hy- 



61 



drographic Office of the U. S. Navy, and city departments of 
Wharves, Docks and Ferries, and Transit. 

The Philadelphia Stock Exchange is located on Walnut 
Street, just west of Broad Street. '1 he gallery is open to visi- 
tors during the daily sessions. 

The Master Builders' Exchange of Philadelphia, at 18 South 
Seventh Street, was organized September, 1886, by eighteen of 
the leading contractors of Philadelphia. A committee ni charge 
of organization, with Mr. John S. Stevens and Mr. Charles H. 
Reeves, was instrumental in its formation. The institution 
admits to membership employers engaged in any business that 
enters into the construction or completion of a building. In 
1887 it became a chartered institution. 



LIBRARIES. 



The Free Library of Philadelphia was chartered in 1891. 
The present temporary quarters are at Thirteenth and Locust 
Streets. A magnificent building, to cost three and a half mil- 
lion dollars, will soon be erected on the Parkway. There are 
twenty-six branch free libraries in various parts of the city, 
most of them housed in handsome buildings. 

The Mercantile Library, on Tenth Street above Chestnut, 
was formed by a company in 1821, and erected a building on 
Fifth Street opposite Independence Square in 1844. It is now 
housed in the former building of the Franklin Market House. 
It is sustained by a stock company. 

The University Library, on the campus of the University 
of Pennsylvania, was founded in 1749 by Benjamin Franklin. It 
contains a collection of more than 500,000 volumes, and forms 
one of the most valuable reference libraries in the country. In 
it is included the Biddle Law Library of more than 64,000 vol- 
umes, and many special collections. 

The Philadelphia Library, located on Locust Street, east of 
Broad Street, is the oldest subscription library in the United 
States. It was founded in 1731, by Benjamin Franklin, Thomas 
Hopkinson, and others. In 1732 it imported a number of books 
from London. There are about 70,000 volumes, many of them 
rare. The Loganian Library, in the same building, was be- 
queathed by James Logan to William Penn. The library is open 
to the public on weekdays from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M. 

The Ridgway Branch of the Library Company of Phila- 
delphia, located at Broad and Christian Streets, was founded 
by the bequest of Dr. James Rush, who died in 1869. The 
library was opened to the public in the latter part of 1878. Its 
rules are those of the Library Company of Philadelphia, under 
which all of its books are free for the use of the public, within 
the building. Non-subscribers can use it as a circulating library 

62 



upon payment of a small weekly charge for books used. Its 
collections are miscellaneous in character, excluding fiction; 
some of the departments in which it is strongest are: Americana 
of the Revolutionary and Colonial periods, geological surveys 
of various States, chess books, the older editions of the classics 
and Patristic writers. The building is open to the public on 
Sundays from 1 to 5, Saturdays 9 to 12 or 1 (according to the 
season), other days, 9 until 5 o'clock. The library contains 
at present approximately 200,000 volumes, comprehending books 
of the Library Company of Philadelphia, the Loganian Branch 
of that library and works accruing from the fund left by Dr. 
Rush for the support of the library. 




Ridgway Library. 



Apprentices' Library, at Broad and Brandywine Streets, 
was founded in 1820, in historic Carpenters' Hall, for promoting 
orderly habits, diffusing knowledge, improving scientific skill 
of merchants, and creating a thirst for knowledge for young 
men "bound out" as apprentices. It is said to be the first free 
library in America. It is still a public library, but has greatly 
extended its scope. 

There are numerous other large public and private libraries 
in Philadelphia, and many connected with educational and 
scientific institutions, such as the Wagner Institute. Franklin 
Institute, Academy of Natural Sciences, College of Physicians, 
Spring Garden Institute, American Philosophical Society, Penn- 
sylvania Historical Society, Masonic Temple, Drexel Institute 
Athenaeum, Temple University, Girard College, etc., some of 
which institutions also conduct museums and full courses of 
free public lectures. 

63 



CHURCHES. 

The Protestant Episcopal Churches in Philadelphia number 
119; Reformed Episcopal, 11; Methodist Episcopal, 138; Re- 
formed, Zl ; Presbyterian, 116; United Presbyterian, 21; Baptist, 
105; Lutheran, 86; Roman Catholic, 116; Greek Catholic, 4. in 
the middle section of the city some of the leading modern 
churches are: Baptist: Grace Temple, Broad and Berks Streets; 
Memorial, Broad and Master Streets; Fifth (founded in 1811), 
Eighteenth and Spring Garden Streets. Lutheran: Holy Com- 
munion, Chestnut above Twenty-first Street. Unitarian: First, 
Chestnut near Twenty-second Street. Methodist: Arch Street, 
Broad and Arch Streets; Grace, Broad and Master Streets. 
Swedenborgian: Chestnut and Twenty-third Streets. Presby- 
terian: Second, Walnut and Twenty-first Streets; Bethany, 
Twenty-second and Bainbridge Streets; Tab'ernacle, Chestnut 
and Thirty-seventh Streets. Episcopal: St. Clement's, Twentieth 
and Cherry Streets; Holy Trinity, Walnut and Nineteenth 
Streets; St. Stephen's, Tenth near Chestnut Street. Roman 
Catholic: Cathedral, Eighteenth and Race Streets; Gesu, Eigh- 
teenth Street, North of Girard Avenue; Our Lady of Mercy, 
Broad Street and Montgomery Avenue. Christian Science: Wal- 
nut Street, above Fortieth Street. 

Among the churches of special historic interest are: 
ji Old Christ Church, near Second and Market Streets, is one 
of the most historic churches in America. It was founded in 
1695 under a charter granted by Charles II to William Penn. 
In this church the Colonial Governors had their pews. In 1739 
Qeorge Whitefield preached here and raised funds with which 
td- build the school, which subsequently became the LTniversity 
of Pennsylvania. Bishop White was baptised here, and hi'J 
bishophic chair is beside the altar. Franklin was a member rf 
the committee which built the spire, and he originally intcnd'^d 
to try his electrical experiments with a kite from its summit, 
then the highest point in Philadelphia. Of interest is the chan- 
delier, dating back to 1749; as also the beautiful wrought-iron 
gate. Robert Morris occupied pew number fifty-two. His re- 
mains are buried beneath the Parish House. Francis Hopkin- 
son, signer of the Declaration of Independence, occupied pew 
number sixty-five. The remains of James W^ilson, another 
signer, first Professor of Law in America, and Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the Ignited States, are also buried in the 
churchyard. 

George and jMartha Washington occupied pew number 
fifty-eight from 1790 to 1797. This pew was also occupied bv 
John Adams while he was President, and by Lafayette on his 
second visit to Philadelphia. 

Among the distinguished clerervmen who have been rectors 
of the church, besides Bishop White, were: Bishop Welton; 

64 



Bishop William H. Delancey, who was Provost of the Univer- 
sity from 1828 to 1834; IHshop Kemper; Dr. William Augustus 



rr^. 



^i:i 




Old Christ Church. 



Muhlenberg, author of many famous hymns, who was assistant 
minister from 1817 to 1822; Rev. Dr. Thomas Coombe, who was 

65 



chaplain to King George III; and Rev. Dr. Robert Blackwell, 
chaplain of the American Army at Valley Forge. , 

Old Swedes' Church.-Old Swedes' Church (Gloria Dei) 
is located at Christian and Swanson Streets, east of Front Street. 
It was dedicated in 1700, and was a Swedish Lutheran church 
for 143 years. It is now an Episcopal church. 

The First Unitarian Church, on Chestnut Street near 
Twenty-first, a modern building, was organized in 1796, under 
the influence of Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen cele- 
brated chemist and philosopher. This was the first Unitarian 
Society in America. 




Old Swedes' Church. 



St George's Methodist Episcopal Church, on Fourth Street 
between Race and Vine, was dedicated in 1769, and is the oldest 
Methodist Church in the world. The first Methodist Conference 
in America was held in the building in 1773 , ,. ^, . 

St Mary's Church.— St. Marv's Roman Catholic Church, on 
Fourth Street, near Locust Street, is the original Roman Catho- 
hc Cathedral, built in 1763. ^ ^ ^, ^ . ^u- a r.A 

St Peter's Church.— St. Peter's P. E. Church, at Third and 
Pine Streets, was built in 1761. Many old residents of the city 
who were prominent in Colonial days are buried in its church- 
yard, among them Commodore Decatur. 

66 



Old Mennonite Church. — .The Old Mennonite Church, built 
in 1774, is on Germantown Avenue near Hermann Street. 

St. Paul's P. E. Church is on Third Street below Walnut 
and dates from 1761. The grave of Edwin Forrest is at the 
right of the portal. 

The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, Roman Catholic, 
at Eighteenth and Race Streets, is surmounted by a dome fifty- 
one feet in diameter and one hundred and fifty-six feet above 
the pavement. The corner-stone was laid in 1846. It contains a 
notable painting of the Crucifixio» by Constantiiie Bramidi. 

St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church, on Fourth Street 
below Vine, was built in 1801. The original church was de- 
stroyed by fire in 1844, and the present building, which is along 
Colonial lines, was erected in 1846. 

"Old Pine Street" or the Third Presbyterian Church, at 

Fourth and Pine Streets, was founded in 1768. It is an interest- 
ing and imposing Colonial structure surrounded by a grave- 
yard in which are the graves of many Revolutionary patriots. 
Few Presbyterian churches remain in old Philadelphia, as th? 
congregations early moved into newer residential sect.ons. 

St. John's Lutheran Church is on Race Street east of Sixth. 
It was built in 1808, and was the first English Lutheran Church 
in the United States. 

St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, in Willing's Alley, 
near Fourth and Walnut Streets, was founded in 1733, and is 
the oldest Catholic church in the city. Just east of this church 
is where Evangeline's "Gabriel" is reputed to be buried, and 
Evangeline herself is said to be buried in the Catholic Holy 
Trinity churchyard. 

Quakers' Meeting House, is at Fifth and Arch Streets. This 
Society of Free Quakers was founded in 1781, and the quaint 
but spacious house of worship was built in 1783. 

New (Quaker) Meeting House, at Fourth and Arch Streets, 
was built in 1804, the ground having been donated by Penn in 
1701. Here rest the remains of James Logan and a number of 
eminent Colonial heroes. 

First Presbyterian Church is a fine example of Colonial 
church architecture. The church was founded in 1698. Ben- 
jamin Franklin was a pewholder in 1735. Francis Allison, D.D., 
1752-1779, Vice Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, and 
lohn Ewing, D D., 1759, Provost, were pastors. The present 
building was erected in 1820. It faces Washington Square, at 
the southeast corner of Seventh Street. 

67 



HOSPITALS, HOMES, PENAL INSTITUTES, ETC. 

There are one hundred and four hospitals in Philadelphia. 
In the central city the main ones are: The Pennsylvania Hos- 
pital, at Eighth and Pine Streets; Jefferson College Hospital, 
at Tenth and Sansom Streets, and Hahnemann Hospital, Fif- 
teenth and Race Streets. 

In West Philadelphia, the Philadelphia General, Thirty- 
fourth and Pine Streets; University, Thirty-fourth and Spruce 
Streets; Presbyterian. Thirty-ninth and Filbert Streets. 




College of Physicians. 



In South Philadelphia, Howard Hospital, Broad and Cath- 
arine Streets; St. Agnes's, Methodist, Broad and Wolf Streets 

North Philadelphia, St. Joseph's, Seventeenth Street and 
Girard Avenue; Lankenau (formerly German), Girard and 
Corinthian Avenues; Samaritan, Broad and Ontario Streets; 
Jewish, York Road and Tabor Street. 

Northeast Philadelphia, Episcopal, Front Street and Lehigh 
Avenue; St. Mary's, Frankford Avenue and Palmer Street. 

Among the hospitals of special interest might be mentioned 
the following: 

68 



The Pennsylvania Hospital, on Pine Street, from Eighth to 
Ninth, was chartered in 1752. It was the first hospital main- 
tained in the United States. Benjamin Franklin was active in 
its organization. The Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane 
separated from it in 1841, and, familiarly known as "Kirkbrides," 
extends from Forty-fourth to Forty-ninth Streets on Market 
Street. 

The Philadelphia Hospital, on Thirty-fourth Street, below 
Spruce, is a general city hospital of several thousand beds. It 
affords, for medical instruction, a larger variety of cases for 
clinical and bedside instruction than any other hospital. Its 
buildings and plants cover several city blocks. 

University Hospital. — Covers two city blocks at Thirty- 
fourth and Spruce Streets. It has a capacity of more than 500 
beds, and has many wings and wards devoted to the study and 
treatment of special diseases. The Polyclinic and Medico-Chi 
Hospitals and Phipps Institute, in other parts of the city, are 
also part of this Hospital, and afford beds for 350 additional 
patients. Other hospitals connected with medical schools are 
Jefferson, at Tenth and Sansom Streets; Hahnemann, on North 
P>road Street; Samaritan and Garretson, connected with Temple 
University; and the Woman's Medical College Hospital. 

Special .Hospitals. — Of these there are many which have a 
national reputation, such as the American Oncologic, for the 
study and treatment of cancer; the Rush and Phipps Hospitals, 
for consumptives; the Wills Eye Hospital; the Municipal Hospi- 
tal, for contagious diseases, etc. 

The Philadelphia Asylum, at Byberry, is the County Alms 
House and also a home for the aged and feeble-minded charges 
of the city. Connected with it are extensive grounds and farms. 

There are too many charitable institutions in Philadelphia 
even to list here, therefore only a few of the more prominent 
are mentioned. 

The Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind 
is located at Ovcrbrook, a western suburb of Philadelphia, in a 
group of handsome buildings. It was founded in 1833. Two 
world celebrated cases of instruction of the blind are those of 
Laura Bridgman (1837) and of Helen Keller (1887), author and 
lecturer. It is a fascinating institution to visit. 

The Edwin Forrest Home for Actors and Actresses is 
established in Forrest's large country house at Holmesburg, Pa. 

The Naval Home, at Bainbridge Street and Gray's Ferry 
Avenue, was, from 1838 to 1845, used as the first U. S. Naval 
Academy. It is now used as a home for disabled sailors of the 
naval and merchant marine services. 

The Eastern Penitentiary, at Twenty-first Street and Fair- 
mount Avenue, was established in 1829. It is a State institution 

69 



and may be visited on weekdays between 2 and 4 P. M. by per- 
mit from the warden or inspectors. 

Among- the municipal penal institutes are the Philadelphia 
County Prison, at Tenth and Reed Streets; the .House of Cor- 
rection, at Holmesburg; the Convict Department of the County 
Prison, on the Pennypack Creek, the House of Detention of the 
Juvenile Court; Glen Mills Reformatory, for boys and girls. 



CLUBS, SOCIETIES, FRATERNITIES. 

Many of the Philadelphia clubs are unique institutions, 
and some are among the most exclusive in the country. Among 
these is the Philadelphia Club, at Thirteenth and Walnut 
Streets, membership in which is restricted largely to those who 
belong to families prominent in Colonial times. Another is the 
"State m Schuylkill," which is the oldest existing club in the 
United States, and probably in the world. It was founded in 
1732, and was first located at the Falls of the Schuylkill. In 
1822 it was moved to Gray's Ferry, and in 1887 to its present 
site on the upper Delaware near Andalusia. 

Another very prominent club is the Union League, which 
was organized in 1862 by patriotic citizens to sustain the Union 
cause. It occupies one of the most spacious club houses in the 
city, and is an influential factor in local, state and national 
politics. 

At such clubs as the Art, Sketch and Plastic, frequent ex- 
hibitions of works of art are held. 

Philadelphia is the American home of cricket, and supports 
a number of "Cricket Clubs," all of which have spacious grounds 
and buildings; besides these there are numerous country clubs 
within a few minutes' ride of the city. Some of these have 
grounds unequaled anywhere in America for natural beauty. 

In the list here given are several clubs devoted exclusively 
to women. Among the more prominent of these are the New 
Century, College, Acorn, Civic, Germantown Women's and 
Philomusian Clubs. 

Many dining and luncheon clubs have been organized with- 
in the last ten years. Among them are the Philadelphia Rotary 
Club, the Downtown Club, Kiwanis Club. Business Science Club, 
City Business Club, Old Colony Club, and others, which meet 
at luncheon at least once a week, when a brief address is given 
on some topic of immediate interest to the members. 

On Camac Street, east of Thirteenth and south of Walnut, 
are a num1)er of quaint dwellings which have been remodeled 
into comfortable club houses. Among these are the Franklin 
Inn Club, membership in which is devoted exclusively to 
authors and publishers of books; the Sketch and Plastic Clubs, 

70 



devoted to artists; the Poor Richard Club, devoted to adver- 
tising men; the Coin d'Or, the Stragglers, Meridians, and 
others. 

Connected with all colleges are a number of clubs and 
fraternities. Near the campus of the University of Pennsyl- 
vania there are at least seventy-five such organizations, many 
of which own modern fraternity houses. 




Girard Trust Building. 



The following is a partial list of the principal clubs of Philadelphia, many 
of which have beautiful and spacious club houses in the center of the city: 



Acacia Club (Masonic) 

Acorn Club 

Aero Club of Pennsylvania 

Aronimink Country Club 

Art Alliance 

Art and Science Club 

Art Club 

Athletic Club of Philadelphia 

Bachelors' Barge Club 

Bala Golf Club 

Belfield Country Club 

Belmont Driving Club 

Boosters' Club 

Bryn Mawr Polo Club 



Business Science Club 

Catholic Club 

Cedar Park Driving Club 

Chester Valley Hunt 

Church Club 

City Club 

City Business Club 

Civic Club 

Clover Club 

College Club 

Columbia Club 

Contemporary Club 

Corinthian Yacht Club 

Cornell Club 



71 



Crescent Boat Club 

Daughters of the American Revolu- 
tion, Philadelphia Chapter 

Daughters of the American Revolu- 
tion, Quaker City Chapter 

Democratic Club 

Devon Polo Club 

Dicken's Fellowship 

Downtown Club 

Engineers' Club 

Florist Club 

Fortnightly Club 

Franklin Chess Club 

Franklin Inn Club 

Cermantown Cricket Club 

(lermantown Women's Club 

Hamilton Club 

Houston Club (students) 

Huntingdon Valley Country Club 

Jewelers' Club 

Kiwanis Club 

Lawyers' Club 

Lenape Club 

Lincoln Club 

Malta Boat Club 

Manufacturers' Club 

Markham Club 

Mask & Wig Club 

Matinee Musical Club 

Mercantile Club 

Meridian Club 

Merion Cricket Club 

New Century Club 

Numismatic and Antiquarian Society 
of Phi'adelphia 

Old York Road Country Club 

Orpheus Club 

Overbrook Golf Club 

Over-Seas Club 

Pelham Club • 

Pen and Pencil Club 

Penn Club, (The) 

Pennsylvania Barge Club 

Pennsylvania Library Club 

Philadelphia Barge Club 

Philadelphia Club 



Philadelphia Country Club 

I'hiladelphia Cricket Club 

Philadelphia Fencers' Club 

Philadelphia Four-in-Hand C1u1j 

Philadelphia Music Club 

Philadelphia Operatic Society 

Philadelphia Skating Club and Hu- 
mane Society 

Philadelphia Sketch Club 

Philadelphia Yacht Club 

Philmont Country Club 

Philobiblon Club 

Philomusian Club 

Pickering Hunt 

Plays and Players Club 

Poor Richard Club 

Princeton Club 

Ouaker City Barge Club 

Rabbit (The) 

Racquet Club 

Radnor Hunt 

Rittenhouse Club 

Rose Tree Fox Hunting Club 

Rotary Club ; 

Salesmen's Club 

St. Andrew's Society of Philadelphia^ 

St. Anthony Club 

Schuylkill Navy 

Sedgley Club 

Sherwood Field Club 

Sons of Delaware 

Sons of the American Revolution 

State in Schuylkill 

State Society of the Cincinnati of 
Pennsylvania 

Sunnybrook Golf Club 

T-Square Club 

Transatlantic Society of America 

Undine Barge Club 

Lin ion League 

LTnion Republican Club 

LTniversity Club 

Vesper Boat Club 

White Marsh Valley Country Club 

White Marsh Valley Hunt Club 

Yachtsmen's Club 



Young People's Associations. — Like all large cities, Phila- 
delphia has many 3^oung people's associations. The Y. M. C. A. 
has a large central building at 1421 Arch Street. Among the 
branches are: The North Branch, at 1013 Lehigh Avenue; West 
Branch, Fifty-second and Sansom Streets; Southwest Branch, 
1729 Christian Street; Navy Branch, Thirteenth and Shunk 
Streets; Pennsylvania Railroad Branch, Forty-first Street and 
Westminster Avenue; Philadelphia and Reading Branch, Ninth 
and Spring Garden Streets; South Branch, 1035 South Broad 
Street; Frankford Branch, 4677 Frankford Avenue; Colored 
Branch, 35 West Rittenhouse Street; Germantown Branch, 5849 
Gerniantown Avenue; Lhiiversity of Pennsylvania, Houston 
Hall. ]\Iost of these are fully equipped with the usual library. 



12 



auditorium, gymnasium and swimming pools, restaurant and 
bed rooms, and all conduct schools and classes for the educa- 
tion of their members. 

The Young Men's Hebrew Association has a building at 




Masonic Temple. 

1616 Master Street. Branches of the Young Women's Christian 
Association are located: Central, at Eighteenth and Arch Streets; 
Kensington, PTancock Street and Allegheny Avenue; Southwest- 
ern. 619 South Sixteenth Street; Germantown. 5820 Germantown 



11 



Avenue; Falls, 4100 Ridge Avenue; besides a number connected 
with various industrial and educational plants. Several main- 
tain what is practically an inexpensive hotel for girls who come 
to the city to work. 



ROTARY CLUB. 

The Rotary Club of Philadelphia was the eleventh Rotary 
Club in the United States to be organized. It has a membership 
of about 300, and maintains the organization for the purpose of 
promoting friendship among business and professional men of 
Philadelphia, establishing high ethical standards in business, 
increasing the efificiency of its members as the representatives of 
their respective businesses and professions, and quickening the 




First United States Bank Building on Third Street. 



interest of its members in the public welfare. Its motto is: "He 
Profits Most Who Serves Best." The membership is based on 
the unique plan of one active and representative man from each 
line of business or profession in the community. The club meets 
once a week at luncheon and once a month at dinner. Its offices 
are located at 506 Bulletin Building, City Hall Square. 

74 



The .Historical Society of Pennsylvania, at Thirteenth and 
Locust Streets, was founded in 1824, at a meeting at the house 
of Thomas I. Wharton, on Sixth Street between Chestnut and 
Walnut Streets, by Robert Vaux, Stephen Duncan, Thomas I. 
Wharton, William Rawle, Jr., Dr. Benjamin H. Coates, Dr. 
Caspar Wistar and George W. Smith. Its first meetings were 
held in Carpenters' Court. William Rawle was elected its first 
president in 1825, In November of that year he delivered his 
inaugural address at the University of Pennsylvania, and the 
society rented a room in the hall of the American Philosophical 
Society. After occupying various other quarters, the society, in 
1882, bought the mansion at Thirteenth and Locust Streets, built 
by John Hare Powell in 1832, to which has been added the 
large fireproof addition, which was formally opened in 1910. 
The collections of the society are estimated to be worth not 
less than $2,500,000. The museums are open to the public. 

The Society for Organizing Charity was founded in 1879. 
Its offices are at 419 South Fifteenth Street, and it conducts a 
number of large enterprises. Its operations involve an annual 
outlay of about $150,000. 

The Colonial Society of Pennsylvania, composed of the 
descendants of the early families of the Province of Pennsyl- 
vania, was incorporated in 1874. The society publishes records 
of Pennsylvania history, which are deposited with the Historical 
Society of Pennsylvania. 

The Site and Relic Society of Germantown has a museum in 
Vernon Park; the City History Society meets monthly at the 
Girls' Normal School. 

The University Extension Society, which had its origin in 
America at the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, but which is now 
a separate organization, conducts each year a long series of 
lectures and entertainments by eminent scholars, artists and 
educators. These are given almost every evening in various 
centres of the city. 

The Geographical Society of Philadelphia was organized in 
1891. It is located in the Witherspoon Building, Walnut below 
Broad Streets. It confers annually the "Elisha Kent Kane" 
Gold Medal for eminent geographical work. It has more than 
1000 members. 

Social Functions — In no other American city are the social 
lines more firmly established or inore closely drawn than in 
Philadelphia. Although in recent years they may appear to 
have been somewhat relaxed, especially so far as residential 
sections are concerned, there are still many traditions and cus- 
toms which are and which will probably continue to be tena- 
ciously adhered to for many generations to come. Many of 
these date back to Colonial days; and some of them, such as 
"The Assembly," are cherished among the elite as the most 

75 



exclusive in America. The social status of a person once 
receiving an invitation to "The Assembly" is considered estab- 
lished. Among other time-honored institutions, but probably 
less exclusive, are such functions as the Wistar Parties, given 
by prominent members of the American Philosophic Society. 

The annual Mummers' celebration, or New Year's Shooters' 
Parade, on Broad Street, has also become a time-honored insti- 
tution, which attracts many thousands to the city each year. 

The Masonic Temple is at the comer of Broad and Filbert 
Streets. While not a large building, compared with some of the 
modern temples, it is a very interesting and beautiful example of 
Norman architecture, and is one of the most handsome and 
spacious buildings in existence devoted exclusively to Masonry. 
The Temple, Library and Museum are open to the public during 
the day. The first Masonic Temple in America occupied a 
site on Second Street below Chestnut. Washington, Franklin, 
Lafayette and other prominent men were members. The present 
temple was dedicated in 1873. 

Other Masonic bodies have buildings of their own. The 
Consistory has a temple at Broad and Race Streets, and the 
Shrine a temple on Spring Garden Street east of Broad. The 
latter organization has recently acquired a site on the Parkway, 
where it is proposed to erect a monumental building and audi- 
torium. 



UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

When the United States came into existence, there were 
twelve colleges and universities in America. The University of 
Pennsylvania was the third of these, having its origin in a 
Charity School, organized in 1740, which was merged with the 
Academy founded by Benjamin Franklin in 1749. The latter 
was chartered in 1753, and in 1755, by a second charter, became 
the College of Philadelphia, with power to confer the usual 
degrees. The Academy occupied a building erected at Fourth 
and Arch Streets in 1740. Li 1765, a school of medicine was 
started on Fifth Street above Walnut. In 1779, a new charter 
was granted to "The Trustees of the University of the State of 
Pennsylvania." which made it the first institution in the United 
States to be designated a university. It was also the first 
university in fact in North America, being the first educa- 
tio'nal institution to include professional schools with the col- 
lege^ In 1765 a medical school was added to the University, and 
in 1790 a law school. In 1791 it received its present corporate 
title. In 1802 the University was removed to Ninth and Chest- 
nut Streets, where the Postofiice now stands, where it occupied 
the building erected by the State as a residence for the President 

76 



of the United States. In 1829 this building was replaced by 
others erected for the College and Medical School. The first 
building on the present site in West Philadelphia was started 
in 1872, followed rapidly by other buildings. There are now 
more than seventy buildings, besides many club and fraternity 
houses, in the University group on a campus of more than 117 
acres. These are located within ten minutes' ride of the centre 
of a metropolis of more than two million. The University has 
a student enrollment of almost 11,000, drawn annually from 




Provost's Tower frcm the Terrace, University Dormitories. 



every State in the Union, and from forty-five to fifty foreign 
countries and territories. 

There are nine schools connected with the University, with 
a total teaching staff of almost 800. The University now com- 
prises a college, in which are included the School of Arts, Sum- 
mer School, college courses for teachers, courses in biology, 
courses in music and courses preparatory to the study of medi- 
cine; the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, in which 
are also included the School of Accounts and Finance in Phila- 
delphia and the Extension Schools of Finance and Accounts in 



n 



GROUP OF UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA BUILDINGS. 




Engineering HaU. 

Houston Hall. 

Law School. 



Medical HalL 

Dormitories. 

Museum Courtyard. 



Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Harrisburg and Reading; the Towne 
Scientific School, in which are included courses in electrical, 
mechanical and civil engineering, chemistry and chemical 
engineering, and architecture; School of Education; Graduate 
School, Law School, School of Dentistry, School of Veterinary 
Medicine, School of Medicine and Post-Graduate School of 
Medicine, the latter having been recently formed by a consolida- 
tion with the Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia, and 
the Polyclinic and College tor Graduates in Medicine. Con- 
nected with the University are many other mstitutions and fea- 
tures, among which might be mentioned: The Veterinary Hos- 
pital; the University Hospital, in which there are SOU beds, 
several dispensaries, a maternity hospital and many buildings 
devoted to special branches of hospital service; the Polyclinic 
Hospital of 300 beds in the wards; the Wistar Institute of 
Anatomy and Biology, the Laboratory of Hygiene, the Univer- 
sity Library, the Astronomical Observatory, the Department of 
Physical Education, which includes the gymnasium and swim- 
ming pool; the course in military training, the psychological 
clinic, the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study and Treatment 
of Tuberculosis, the Training School for Nurses, the various 
series of public lectures, of which more than 150 are scheduled 
annually. Then there are a number of other organizations 
affiliated with the University, such as the Christian Association, 
which conducts a Settlement House in the southern part of the 
city and a farm in the Perkiomen Valley; the Athletic Associa- 
tion, which encourages practically every American collegiate 
sport, and which holds numerous games on Franklin Field. It 
also conducts a clubhouse for the crew on the banks of the 
Schuylkill in Fairmount Park. The thirty dormitory houses of 
the University form one of the most complete groups of its 
kind. This system, together with the Houston Club, has welded 
together in a close bond of fellowship the great cosmopolitan 
body of students, and has resulted in fostering a democratic 
spirit at the University. 

From an educational viewpoint, during the past twenty 
years the student enrollment of the University of Pennsylvania 
has increased at a more rapid rate than that of any other 
American university, and this in spite of the fact that the 
standards of admission have been raised annually, so that now 
all schools except one have a full four years' course; two re- 
quire college degrees for admission, another at least two years 
of college work and all of the others graduation from a standard 
high school. At the same rate of increase the University should 
have, by 1923, almost 15,000 students and a teaching staff of 
more than 1000. 

It has, for many years, been the dream of the writer to 
have the land and buildings between Thirty-third and Thirty- 

79 



fourth Streets, for a stretch of about a mile, between the campus 
and Fairmount Park, condemned and made into a wide boulevard 
similar to the Champs Elysees in Paris, connecting the present 
campus, as it should be, with the park and with the Parkway 
across the Spring Garden bridge. The University means more 
to the city than any other single enterprise, and the city should 
do this as a matter of civic pride. It is to be hoped that an 
organization such as the Philadelphia Rotary Club will father 
this project and push it at least far enough to have it put upon 
the city plans. 




Medical Building From the Dormitory Terrace. 

A SHORT TRIP THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY. 

The following is a "lecture" prepared by the writer of this 
guide-book for a sight-seeing automobile company whose cars 
come through the University grounds. It will be found of value 
to those who wish to visit the University in the shortest time, 
and without retracing footsteps. 



80 



Approach the University from Thirty-fourth and Chestnut 
Streets. At the southwest corner is the Law School Building, 
which was erected in 1900. It is devoted exclusively to the 
teaching of law, and is considered one of the best specimens in 
America of English classical architecture of the time of William 
and Mary. This is the earliest University Law School in the 
United States, its first professor having been appointed in 1790. 
In this building are also housed the historical law collections 
of the Pennsylvania I]ar Associations. 

In going along Thirty-fourth to Woodland Avenue, many 
of the private dwellings within a radius of three or four squares 
of the campus are occupied by student clubs and fraternities. 




The Dormitories From the Bontanic Gardens. 

The four brick houses to the right are known as "Sergeant 
Hall," used as a dormitory for women students. The building 
to the left, at the fork of the road, is the Zeta Psi House. To 
the right is the Phi Delta Theta. There are about seventy-five 
Greek letter fraternities, about forty of which have club houses 
similar to these. The vacant lot in the square ahead to the left, 
on Thirty-fourth Street between Walnut and Spruce, is the 
site for the proposed Educational School Building; the first 
building is the Randal Morgan Laboratory of Physics; then the 
Laboratory of Hygiene, and the last one, the John Harrison 
Laboratory of Chemistry. On the right hand side of the street, 
the large red structure on the campus is the General Library 



81 



Building, erected in 1891, and the Duhring Memorial Stack, 

erected iii 1915. it contains more than 500,000 volumes, among 
which are many notable and rare collections of books; one of 
these is the "Memorial Library of the Publications of the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania and Her Sons," which contains several 
thousand volumes of writings by University of Pennsylvania 
men. 

(Going west on Woodland Avenue, and approaching the 
middle of the square.) The large centrally located, ivy-covered 
building in the middle of the campus to the left is College Hall. 
This was erected in 1873, and is one of the original group of 
buildings to be located in West Philadelphia. The academic 
or arts courses are given in this building. The houses to the 
right of us are known as "Fraternity Row," and are occupied 
by the Delta Phi, Delta Tau Delta, Beta Theta Phi, and 
Omega Tau Sigma. The two-story structure is "the Daily Penn- 
sylvanian Building," formerly occupied by the Alumni Society. 
More than 80,000 men have attended the University since it was 
founded, and those now living are all eligible to membership in 
this society. The first floor is occupied by "The Pennsylvanian," 
a daily newspaper published by the students. There are eleven 
other weekly and monthly magazines published at the Univer- 
sity. The next building on the campus to the left is Logan 
Hall, which is also one of the original buildings. It was for- 
merly occupied by the ^ledical School, but is now the home 
of the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. This school 
was established in 1883, and was the first of its kind in the world. 
]\Tany other university schools, have since been organized along 
similar lines. 

The building at the corner, on the right, is the Phi Kappa 
Sigma House, a national Greek-letter fraternity which was 
organized at Pennsylvania in 1850. Opposite are the houses of 
Nu Sigma Nu and Delta Kappa Epsilon; above Locust on Thirty- 
sixth Street is the Acacia House, a college fraternity composed 
entirely of students belonging to the ]\Iasonic order. The gray 
building in front, at the fork of the roads, is the Psi Upsilon 
House, another Greek-letter fraternity; behind it are the homes 
of the Delta Upsilon and the Phi Sigma Kappa, and opposite 
the Phi Gamma Delta. In the little street (^^IcAlpin) is the site 
of the new Acacia House, and the Lenape Club of the faculty. 
At the southeast corner of Thirty-sixth and Walnut Streets is 
to be constructed a ten-story dormitory building to accommo- 
date 850 women. A hundred feet further, on the north side of 
Locust Street are the Delta Psi and Phi Kaopa Psi Houses. 
The large yellow l)uilding to the left is the Wistar Institute of 
Anatomy. This is the only institute of its kind in America, 
and was founded in 1892, although the museum which it houses, 

82 



GROUP OF UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA BUILDINGS. 




Memorial Tower, Dormitories. 

Astronomical Observatory. 

Settlement Building. 



Gymnasium. 

Franklin Field. 

Chemical Laboratory. 

Dormitory Terrace. 



which is open to tlie public, was begun in 1808. The buildings 
cover the entire block. 

The vacant lot w^ith tennis courts to the right (about the 
middle of the square), is the site of the new home of the 
Wharton School. Approaching the dormitories, the tower 
directly before us, to the left, is the main entrance to one of the 
dormitory courtyards, known as "The Triangle." The Memorial 
Tower was dedicated in 1901, and is a memorial to the Penn- 
sylvania students and alumni who were engaged in the Spanish- 
American War. 

(Pass along the Woodland Avenue side of the dormi- 
tories.) These dormitory buildings were begun in 1895, and 
when finished will enclose five courtyards. The group now 
consists of thirty-two separate buildings, each named for an 
eminent alumnus, or for its donor. All face five courtyards 
within and have no doorways leading to the street. At present 
about a thousand students can be accommodated. When the 
system is completed it will include a dining hall and an auditor- 
ium. The architecture is the old Tudor Gothic style, and the 
dormitories with their wide courtyards strongly suggest the Ox- 
ford and Cambridge Colleges of England. Every student, rich 
or poor, receives the same service, accommodations and fur- 
nishings, the only distinction being in the location of the 
rooms. The architecture of these dormitories and most of the 
modern buildings on the campus, is of the same general style, 
which originated at this University and has been followed by 
many other institutions. 

(Approaching Thirty-ninth and Woodland Avenue.) To 
the right are the buildings of the Veterinary School and Hos- 
pital of the University. This plant is the most spacious and 
best equipped veterinary building and hospital in America. The 
buildings occupy almost an entire square, and are constructed 
around a courtyard. The State Livestock Sanitary Board also 
has its laboratories here. 

One square alcove, at Fortieth and Spruce Streets, is the 
Evans Dental Institute and Dental School of the University 
of Pennsylvania. It is the largest and best equipped plant in 
existence for teaching dentistry. It houses the most famous 
dental school in the world, which attracts m^ny students 
from foreign countries. In its hall more than 50,000 free treat- 
ments and operations are performed annually. 

(At Fortieth and Pine Streets.) On the north side of P'ne 
Street, No. 4037, is the Provost's House, a gift to the University 
by the Mask and Wig Club, endowed by the alumni, and now 
occupied by various University offices. 

(Turning around and going into Hamilton Walk.) We are 
now entering Hamilton Walk through a Memorial Gate pre- 
sented by the Class of 1873. There are a number of these beau- 

84 



tiful gates and memorials in various parts of the campus. The 
stretch before us is Hamilton Walk. On either side are trees 
which have been planted as memorials to eminent Pennsyl- 
vanians. To the left are the dormitory houses, which form the 
southern boundary of various courts. The first building to the 
right is the Zoological Building. It contains ninety-two rooms, 
and is devoted entirely to study and research work in zoology. 
The next building is the Vivarium, which contains fresh and 
salt water tanks for live specimens for zoological research. The 
next building to the right, completely covered with ivy, is 
Botanical Hall, and immediately in the rear are the green- 
houses; among the plants housed there are a number of rare 
and valuable collections of orchids and fly-trap plants. In the 




Evans Dental School, University of Pennsylvania. 

hall itself are the famous Bartram and Stille Botanical Libraries. 
Behind this group of buildings are the botanical gardens, in 
which are several thousand species and varieties of plants. The 
gardens, which are open to the public, cover four acres, and 
with the beautiful lily and lotus ponds form one of the most 
attractive features of the campus. 

(Going further down the walk.) To the right is the Medi- 
cal Laboratory Building. The medical school of the Univer- 
sity is the oldest in North America, having been founded in 
1765. The school occupies six educational buildings, of which 
this is the most imposing. The architecture is in keeping with 



85 



the other new structures of the University. To the left is the 
site for the extension of the dormitory system. This will 
ultimately be completely enclosed with dormitory buildings. 
The frame building to the left is the old-time dining hall, now 
used by the Architectural School as a studio. 

(Going north on Thirty-sixth Street.) To the south is 
the Philadelphia Hospital, with a capacity of more than 
5000 patients, where the University medical students fre- 
quently have bedside instruction. To the right are two squares 
of hospital buildings belonging to the University, with a 
capacity of almost 500 beds. The brick building immediately to 
the right is the Maternity Building. The next buildings to our 
left are part of the dormitory system, and form part of the 
boundaries of the east and south quads. They are the Thomas 
Penn House, Graduate House and the Provosts' Tower, the 
latter being dedicated to the men who served as Provosts since 
the beginning of the University, and the Mask and Wig House 
on the corner. It was near here that Muybridge. under the 
auspices of the University of Pennsylvania, conducted his final 
experiments which led to the discovery of and made possible the 
modern moving pictures. 

(Passing through the Class of 72 ]\lemorial Gate and turn- 
ing down Spruce Street.) To the left is the Robert Hare Chemi- 
cal Laboratory, used by the medical students. The brick build- 
ing to the right is the William Pepoer Clinical Laboratory, a 
memorial to the father of the late Provost Pepper. The nexi 
building to the right is the Clinical Building of the Hospital. It 
is planned to reconstruct the front elevations of all of the hos- 
pital buildings to conform to this one. The gatewav ooposite 
is the Memorial Gate of the Class of '93; beyond it in the dis- 
tance one sees several fraternity houses, and also the rears of 
Logan Hall and College Hall. 

The gray stone building to the left is Houston Hall, the 
home of the Houston Club, to which more than 8000 students 
and alumni of the University belong. The building was named 
in memory of Henry Howard Houston, Jr., a graduate of the 
Class of 1878, the hall being the gift of his parents. The archi- 
tecture is Elizabethan. The building is furnished and equipped 
as well as the most exclusive clubs in the city. Upon the walls 
of this building are so many portraits of Provosts and eminent 
alumni, and memorial tablets to illustrious Pennsylvanians, that 
the students sometimes refer to their club house as "The West- 
minster Abbey of Pennsylvania." This club is the geographical 
center of the University, and around it revolves the social life of 
the students. Here the men of all departments, rich and poor, 
fraternity and non-fraternity men of all conditions of life and of 
all nationalities, meet daily on common ground. This movement 
also originated at Pennsylvania, and has been one of the most 

86 



successful factors in fostering a democratic spirit among the 
students. The Houston Club idea has been taken up by other 
educational institutions and there are now many similar organi- 
zations throughout the country. 

The next building to the right is the main entrance to the 
University Hospital; and the next, the Agnew Surgical Pavilion, 
named in honor of the late D. Hayes Agnew, the eminent Ameri- 
can surgeon who was so long connected with the University. 
The building next to it at the corner is the Surgical Building 
of the Hospital, and l:)ehind it are the dormitories for the 
Nurses' Training School. Here will be built the Post Graduate 
School of Medicine of the University. Parts of this school 
are now located in the Medico-Chi Hospital of the University 
at Eighteenth Street and the Parkway, and at the Polyclinic 
Hospital, at Nineteenth and Lombard Streets. 




Veterinary School, University of Pennsylvania, 

To the left is a section of campus showing the rear of Col- 
lege Hall and the Library. The next building on the left is the 
Light, Heat and Power Station. This station supplies light, 
heat and power to all of the University buildings, and heats 
about 21,000,000 cubic feet of air space. It consumes at times 
130 tons of coal a day. The next building on the left is the 
John Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry — the gift of the former 
Provost and his brothers. In this building are the offices of th.- 
present Provost, Dr. Edgar F. Smith. 

The building to the right is a section of the University 
Museum. This section was erected in 1897, and the large dome 
in the rear was finished in 1915. It is considered one of the 
most beautiful architectural monuments in the city. The Museum 



87 



Building when completed will cover twelve acres of ground, and 
will cost more than $3,000,000. The section you now see is 
about one-sixth of the building as it will be. The architecture 
is the only specimen of its kind in America, and is similar to 
the style which prevailed in Italy in the thirteenth century. The 
building contains a very valuable collection of antiquities, among 
them being the famous clay bricks from Babylon, an American 
Indian collection, and the earliest known fragments of the Gos- 
pel. The statue on the terrace is that of the late Provost Wil- 
liam Pepper. In the rear are the grounds for the extension 




Phipps Institute of the University of Pennsylvania. 



of the University, and the buildings of the Commercial ^lu- 
seums. 

_(Turnin.u- up Thirty-third Street.) To the right are the Gym- 
nasium and Franklin Field. These represent an outlay of more 
than a million dollars. The field, which can accommodate 
about 30,000 people, is the scene of most of Pennsylvania's foot- 
ball, baseball, track and miscellaneous athletic contests, and 
for many years was also the scene of the annual football game 
between the United States Naval and Military Academies. In 



the gymnasium is a swimming pool which extends ahiiost the 
entire length of the ground floor. 

The red brick building to the left is the Architectural 
School, the largest and most excellent school of its kind in 
America. The building directly in front of this is the Engineer- 
ing Hall. It has a floor area of 128,000 square feet, and houses 
the Mechanical, Civil and Electrical Engineering Departments. 

This itinerary covers most of the important buildings of 
the University, with the exception of the Astronomical Obser- 
vatory, on the West Chester Pike, which is open to visitors 
every Thursday night; the Phipps Institute for the Treatment 
and Study of Tuberculosis, the Southeastern Dispensary, and 
the University Neighborhood House; the Medico-Chi and Poly- 
clinic Hospitals buildings. These are located in other parts 
of the city. What is here mentioned can give one only a brief 



^ . .-' 










m^«^>^~-i 


^-~> - «^^°^°°**^-.^ 


ferf^ 7 




\1.> 


^^8kJ|K§^ 






1 


m 


^^^^ 


^^^C^P 




^ 


m 



A Bird's-Eye View of the University Campus of 117 Acres. 

insight into the physical equipment of this great institution. To 
investigate thoroughly its educational side would take many 
weeks of close observation, and to learn anything of the stu- 
dents' life, one must live among them. The campus and all 
the buildings and museums are open to the public from sunrise 
to sunset, and every visitor is sure of a cord'al welcome. 



RAILROADS. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad Stations are at Fifteenth and 
Market Streets, Thirty-second and ^larket Streets and North 
Philadelphia Station— the two latter being points of stoppmg 



89 



and departure of several fast through trains — and at Market 
Street terries for New Jersey and seashore points. bridge 
trains are also run to Atlantic City from Broad Street. 

The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Terminal is at 
Twelfth and Market Streets, from wdiich trains leave for the 
Schuylkill Valley, Lehigh Valley and Xew York. The South 
Jersey depot is at Chestnut Street ferries, for trains to Atlantic 
City and other coast resorts. 

The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Depot is at Twenty- 
fourth and Chestnut Streets. From this point trains may be 
taken for New York, Baltimore, Washington and all principal 
points south and west. Its route to Washington is especially 
picturesque. 

The Philadelphia and Western is a finely equipped electric 
road, to Norristown, Bethlehem, Stroudsburg and Delaware 
Water Gap. It is a particularly convenient road for visiting 
Haverford, Bryn Mawr and other towns in the suburban sec- 
tion. 



PHILADELPHIA'S STREET CAR SYSTEM. 

Street cars in Philadelphia are operated by the Philadelphia 
Rapid Transit Company, whose downtown offices are in tli, 
Land Title Building. An information bureau, at Eighth and 
Dauphin Streets, is available at all hours by 'phone for the pur- 
pose of answering inquiries relating to timetables, car routes, 
transfer and exchange points, lost articles and other informa- 
tion. 

There are seventy-four separate surface routes comprising 
about 638 miles of track. There are about 3000 passenger cars. 

In the business district east of Broad Street, even numbered 
streets serve southbound cars, and odd numbered streets 'north- 
bound cars. West of Broad Street, even numbered streets serve 
northbound cars, and odd numbered streets serve southbound 
cars. 

The elevated-subway system, comprising about fifteen miles 
of double track, extends from Sixty-ninth and Market Streets 
by elevated to the Schuylkill River, thence by subway under 
Market Street to Front Street, thence along Delaware Avenue 
river front by an elevated extension to South Street. Several 
of the West Philadelphia surface lines have their terminal in 
the Market Street subway at City Hall. 

Philadelphia is the only large city in the country where 
street car fares are still five cents. Direct routes and "L" sur- 
face lines connect residential sections with the central business 
section. Free transfers between connecting surface lines are 
given at many points, and al'^o between the surface lines and 
the Market Street elevated-subway at stations west of Thirty- 
second Street. 

90 



On certain of the lines an eight-cent fare entitles a pas- 
senger to an exchange ticket, good upon certain designated 
lines at the intersecting points. 

It is possible in Philadelphia to ride for a five-cent fare 
without change of cars in a forward direction a distance of 
13.63 miles. The longest ride by use of a free transfer is 14.35 
miles. The longest ride on an exchange ticket is 20.37 miles. 

Cars stop only at the near side of the street; stops are 
indicated by a yellow band on the nearest pole. 

The various routes are designated by numerals conspicu- 
ously displayed on the front of the car. The destination toward 
which the car is moving is also indicated on the front of the 
car. 

The company is under the management of E. T. Stotes- 
bury as chairman of the board of directors, and T. E. Mitten 
as president and chairman of the executive committee. This 
management has attracted attention throughout the country 
because of its stand for a continuance of the basic five-cent 
fare, and because" of its success in dealing with its employes 
through a plan of collective bargaining and co-operative wel- 
fare, which has been applied and perfected by President Mitten 
during the past nine years. 

In 1912-13, the Department of City Transit (a branch of 
the municipal government) prepared plans for a system of high- 
speed subway-elevated lines, to cost upwards of $120,000,000, to 
be built by the city. At the present time only one of the pro- 
posed city-built lines is under construction, i. e., the Frank- 
ford "L," and it is hoped to have this in operation by the 
winter of 1920-21. Negotiations are pending between the city 
and the Rapid Transit Company for the operation of this line. 



HOTELS, APARTMENT HOUSES AND RESTAURANTS. 

Philadelphia has some of the largest, the most richly 
appointed and famous hotels in America. Among these may 
be mentioned the Aldine, on Chestnut Street above Nineteenth, 
on the site of the house of John Rush; the Adelphia, Chestnut 
Street near Thirteenth^ the Bellevue-Stratford, at Broad and 
Walnut Streets; the Ritz-Carlton, one of the latest and most 
imposing, and the Walton, at Broad a^nd Locust Streets. Among 
those, less expensive but prominent, in the central part of the 
city are Colonnade, Green's, Hanover. Vcndig, Coivtinental, 
Stenton. Windsor and Rittenhouse. There are a number of 
nroiects on foot for the construction of several large hotels in 
Philadelphia, one at Eleventh and Chestnut Streets, one on 
the present site of the Continental, and another on Fifteenth 
Street ne?r Chestnut. 

The following is a partial alphabetical list of the larger 

91 



hostclries. Those marked "A" are apartment houses or apart- 
ment hotels. "R" means restaurant only. Most of the hotels 
and apartment houses have well-known restaurants. Adelphia, 
Arcadia (R), Bahls (R), Bartram (A), Belgravia (A), Bellevue- 
Stratford, Bingham, Bookbinder's (R), Boothby's (R), Bourse 
(R), Cheri (R), Clinton (A), Colonnade, Continental, Coving- 
ton (A), Delmar-Morris (A), Dooner's, Gladstone (A). Green's, 
Hamilton Court (A), Hamilton, Hanover, Knickerbocker (R), 
Lauber (R), Lincoln (A), Longacre (A), L'Aiglon (R), Lor- 
raine, Majestic, Montevista (A), Normandie (A), Pelham Court 
(A), Pennsylvania Railroad (R), Reading Terminal (R), Ridge- 
( way, Rittenhouse (A), Ritz-Carlton, Royal (A), St. Francis, St. 
James, Sherwood, Soulas (R), Stenton, Swarthmore (A), Tou- 
raine (A), Tracy (A), Vendig, Walton, Wilmot, Windsor, Y. M. 
C. A. (R), York, Zeisse. 



PRINCIPAL OFFICE BUILDINGS. 

Although Philadelphia did not become a skyscraper city 
until within comparatively recent years, it now has many build- 
ings which have fifteen or more stories, and at least two of those 
mentioned in the list below will have thirty-two stories. Many 
of the tall buildings in Philadelphia are beautiful from an archi- 
tectural viewpoint, and have much of interest other than mere 
height. In the following list are included the more prominent 
buildings in the downtown district: Atlantic Refining Com- 
pany, Bailey, Baker, Bell Telephone, Bourse. Brown Brothers, 
Bulletin, Bullitt, Commercial Trust, Commonwealth Trust, 
Crozer, Curtis, Denckla, Drexel, Empire, Federal Reserve, 
Fidelity (to be constructed). Fidelity Mutual, Finance, 
Flanders, Forrest, Franklin, Franklin Bank, Gimbel's, Harri- 
son, Lafayette, Land Title, Ledger, Liberty, Lincoln, Lit's, 
Manhattan, Mariner and Merchant, Medical Arts, Metropoli- 
tan, Morris, North American, Otis, Parkway, Penfield, Penn 
Mutual, Penn Square, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Railroad, 
Perry, Pitcairn, Presser, Professional, Real Estate Trust, Read- 
ing Terminal, Record. Snellenburg's, Stephen Girard, Stock 
Exchange, Strawbridge and Clothier, Wanamaker's, Washing- 
ton, Weightman, West End Trust, Widener, Witherspoon. 



THEATRES AND PLACES OF AMUSEMENTS. 

There are in Philadelphia no less than 400 theatres, moving 
picture houses, halls and places of amusement. The principal 
attractions in these are advertised in the amusement columns 
of all the Philadelphia daily papers. Philadelphia Rotary's rep- 
resentatives are Harry T. Jordan, head of the Keith's Theatres 
in Philadelphia; Frank W. Buhler, managing director of the 

92 



Stanley chain of moving picture theatres; Thomas M. Love, 
representing the old legitimate theatres, and John R. Davies, 
president of the Willow^ Grove Park Company. 

The Walnut Street Theatre, at Ninth and Walnut Streets, 
was built in 1806, and is said to be the oldest theatre in 
America. It will soon be replaced by a modern theatre. 

Muybridge, who invented the modern movies in 1872 and 
perfected his researches in Philadelphia under the auspices of 
the University, had the first moving picture theatre in the 
world at the Chicago Fair in 1893. 



ARMORIES, MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS, AT.HLETIC 
FIELDS, ETC. 

First City Troop^ — The armory of this Troop is located on 
Twenty-third Street above Chestnut. The Troop was organized 
in 1774 and its membership has always been and still is restricted 
to the sons of the best families in Philadelphia. It was Wash- 
ington's escort and took a prominent part in the battle of 
Princeton, Whenever the President of the United States or 
other eminent statesmen have visited Philadelphia this Troop 
has acted as escort. The Troop has a splendid war record, 
having taken an active part in the Civil, Spanish-American and 
Great Wars. 

All the other armories of the National Guard, except one, 
are located on Broad Street: The First Regiment Armory, at 
Callowhill; the Second Regiment Armory, above Diamond 
Street; the Third Regiment Armory, above Wharton, and the 
State Fencible Armory, near Race Street. The latter is another 
military organization which dates back to Colonial days. It 
has recently become a battalion of the Sixth Regiment. Another 
large armory was recently erected by the State at Thirty-second 
and Lancaster Avenue, for the various troops of State cavalry 
stationed in Philadelphia. The building and drill shed occupy an 
entire city block. 

Among the big public athletic fields, other than those con- 
nected with various schools, athletic and country clubs, is 
Franklin Field, of the University of Pennsylvania, at Thirty- 
third and Spruce Streets, which has a seating caoacitv of about 
30,000, which may in the near future be increased to double that 
size. The grounds of the National League Baseball Club are 
at Broad and LIuntingdon Streets; and Shibe Park, the grounds 
of the American League Club, at Twenty-first and Lehigh Ave- 
nue. Point Breeze Park is at Twentv-seventh and Penrose 
Avenue, and the Philadelphia Country Fair Grounds at Byberry. 
At the latter each year is given a county fair. 

93 



STREETS IN PHILADELPHIA 

and 

HOUSE NUMBERING PLAN 







EAST AND WEST STREETS 










North 






I 


Market 


700 


Fairmount Avenue 


2300 


Dti uphill 




Filbert 


800 


Brown 




Dakota 




Commerce 




Parrish 


2400 


York 




Church 


900 


Poplar 




Boston Ave. 


100 


Arch 




Laurel 


2500 


Cumberland 




Cherry- 


1200 


Girard Avenue 




Sergeant 


200 


Race 




Stiles 


2600 


Huntingdon 




l-lorist 


1300 


Thompson 




Oakdale 




xVew 




Seybert 


2700 


Lehigh Ave. 




Spring 


1400 


Master 




Seltzer 




Winter 




Sharswood 


2800 


Somerset 


300 


Vine 


1500 


Jefferson 




Auburn 




Wood 




Redner 


2900 


Cambria 




Carlton 


1600 


Oxford 




Monmouth 


400 


Callowhili 




Turner 


3000 


Indiana Ave. 




Willow 


1700 


Columbia Ave. 


3100 


Clearfield 




Noble 


1800 


Montgomery Ave. 


3200 


Allegheny Ave. 




Hamilton 


1900 


Berks 


3300 


Westmoreland 


500 


Buttonwood 




Monument 


3400 


Ontario 




Spring Garden 


2000 


Norris 


3500 


Tioga. 




Brandywine 




Page 


3600 


Venango 


600 


Green 




Fontain 


3700 


Erie Ave. 




Mt. Vernon 


2100 


Diamond 


3800 


Butler 




Wallace 




Edgely 


3900 


Pike 




Melon 


22G0 


Susquehanna Ave. 
South 


4000 


Luzerne 


I 


Market 


800 


Catharine 


2000 


McKean 




Minor 




Hadfield 




Emily 




Ranstead 




One en 


2100 


Snvder Ave. 




Ludlow 


900 


Christian 




Cantrell 


100 


Chestnut 




Montrose 


2200 


Jackson 




Sanson.! 


1000 


Carpenter 




Tree 




Library 


1 100 


Washington Ave. 


2300 


Wolf 




Dock 




Ellsworth 




Durfor 


200 


Walnut 




Annin 


2400 


Ritner 




Chancellor 


1200 


Federal 


2S00 


Porter 




Locust 




Manton 


2600 


Shunk 




Irving 


1300 


Wharton 


2700 


Oregon Ave. 


300 


Spruce 




Sears 


2800 


Johnson 




De Lancey 




Earp 


2900 


Bigler 


400 


Pine 


1400 


Reed 


3000 


Pollock 




Osage 




Wilder 


3100 


Packer 




Addison 


1500 


Dickinson 


3200 


Curtain 


500 


Lombard 




Greenwich 


3300 


Geary 




Larchwood 


1600 


Tasker 


3400 


Hartranft 




Hazel 




]\Iountain 


3500 


Hoyt 




Cedar 


1700 


Morris 


3600 


Thirty-sixth Ave. 




Gaskill 




Pierce 


3700 


Thirty-seventh 


600 


South 


1800 


Moore 




Ave. 




Kater 




Siegel 


3800 


Thirtv-eighth Ave. 


700 


Bainbridge 


I9CO 


Mini in 


3900 


Thirty -ninth Ave. 




Fitzwater 




Dudley 


4000 


Fortieth Ave. 




Walton 











94 



NORTH AND SOUTH STREETS 



600 



800 



Front 

I Tope 

Howard 

Letitia 

Waterloo 

New Market 

Mascher 

Mutter 

Hancock 

Palethorp 

Tilghnian 
Second 

Philip 

Dilman 

Strawljerry 

Bank 

Bread 

American 

Bodine 
Third 

Bank Ave. 

Walnut Place 

Galloway 

Orianna 
Fourth 

York Ave. 

Feithgow 

Lawrence 

Orkney 
Fifth 

Reese 

Randolph 

Fairhill 
Sixth 

Wendle 

Marshall 

Sheridan 
Seventh 

Beulah 

Franklin 

Perth 
Eighth 

Mildred 

Darieu 

Schell 
Ninth 

Percy 

Hutchinson 

Delhi 
Tenth 

Alder 

War nock 

Clifton 
Eleventh 

Jessup 

Marvine 

Sartain 

Good'-.ian 
Twelfth 

Fawn 

Camac 

Iseminger 



[500 



1600 



1800 



2200 
2300 

2400 
2500 
2600 



Thirteenth 

Clariun 

juniper 

Park Ave. 

Watts 
Broad 

Rosewood 

Carlisle 

Burns 
Fifteenth 

Hicks 

Sydenham ■ 

Mole 
Sixteenth 

Pulaski Ave. 

Bancroft 

Wilmington 

Smedley 

Chadwick 
Seventeenth 

Perkiomen 

Colorado 

Bouvier 

Cameron 
Eighteenth 

Orr 

Cleveland 

Gratz 

Dorrance 
Nineteenth 

West Logan Sq. 

Priscilla 

Garnet 

Uber 

Opal 
Twentieth 

Donath 

Corinthian 

Windsor 

Woodstock 

Capitol 

Lambert 

Clarissa 
Twenty-first 

Norwood 

Van Pelt 

Beechwood 
Twenty-second 

Croskey 
Twenty -third 

Bonsall 

Judson 

Bucknell 
Twenty-fourth 

Ringgold 

Taylor 
Twenty-fifth 

Stillman 

Bambrey 
Twenty-sixth 

P>ailey 

Taney 



2700 

2800 
2900 
3000 



3300 
3400 

3500 

3600 
3700 
3800 

3900 
4000 



4300 
4400 



4500 
4600 



Chang 
Twenty-seventh 

Etting 

Marston 

Pennock 
Twenty-eighth 

Newkirk 

Dover 
Twenty-ninth 

Hollywood 

Myrtlewood 
Thirtieth 

Corlies 

Stanley 
Thirty-first 

Napa 

Patton 
Thirty-second 

Natrona 

Douglass 
Thirty -third 

Spangler 
Thirty-fourth 

Shedwick 

Warfield 
Thirty-fifth 

Harmony 

Grove 
Thirty-sixth 

McAlpin 
Thirtv-seventh 

DeKalb 
Thirty-eighth 

Lowber 

Saunders 
Thirtv-ninth 

State 

Sloan 

Union 
Fortieth 

Woodland Terrace 

Wiota 

Preston 

Budd 
Forty-first 

Palm 

Holly 
Forty-second 

St. Marks Square 

Brooklyn 

Ilutton 
Forty-third 

Pallas 
Forty-fourth 

Belmont 

Mica 

Forty-fifth 

Melville 
Forty-sixth 

Jane 

Markoe 



95 



4800 



May 

Farragut Terrace 

(iray's Ferry 
Forty-seventh 

Moss 
Forty-eighth 

F'allon 

Hanson 
Forty-ninth 

Greylock 

St. Bernard 
Fiftieth 

Farson 

Dearborne 
Fifty-first 

Paxson 

Creighton 

Ramsey 
Fifty-second 

Wilton 

Aberdeen 

Lindenwood 
Fifty-third 

Brooks Ave. 



5600 



s8oo 



Peach 

Ruby 
Fifty-fourth 

C'onestoga 

Sickels 

Yewdell 
Fifty-fifth 

Allison 

Vodges 
Fifty-sixth 

Ithan 

Frazier 
Fifty-seventh 

Alden 

Cecil 
Fifty-eighth 

Wanamaker 

Flobart 
Fifty-ninth 

Redfield 

Sal ford 
Sixtieth 

Edgewood 

Millick 



fiuK. 


Sixty-first 




Dewey 




Robinson 


620.. 


Sixty-secoiul 




Cemetery Lane 




Hirst 




Felton 




Wilkinson 


6300 


Sixty-third 




Gross 




Highland 


6400 


Sixty-fourth 




Marlyn Road 




Simpson 


6500 


Sixty-fifth 




Daggett 


6600 


Sixty-sixth 




Shields 




Gould 


6700 


Sixty-seventh 


7200 


Seventy-second 


7300 


Seventy-third 




Island Road 




The Courtyard of the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. 
96 



PRINCIPAL DIAGONAL STREETS 

Running Northwest 

Parkway Lancaster Avenue Ridge Avenue 

Oxford Avenue Haverford Avenue Germantown Avenue 

Bustleton Avenue 

Running Southwest 
Woodland Avenue Passyunk Avenue Penrose Ferry Road 

Baltimore Avenue Moyamensing Avenue Gray's Ferry Road 

Running Northeast 

Roosevelt (N. E.) Boule- Kensington Avenue Godfrey Avenue 

vard Frankford (Bristol Pike) Glenwood Avenue 



PHILADELPHIA'S FIRSTS. 

1682 — First public pleasure grounds in America. 
1684 — First iron, pottery and glass works. 

1685 — First Almanac in colonies, "American Messenger," William Bradford. 
1688 — First protest against human slavery (Germantown). 
1690 — First paper mill, William Rittenhouse, on Wissahickon Creek. 
1698 — First public school, incorporated in 1698. 
1698 — First school book in Philadelphia, Pastorius. 
1706 — First presbytery, organized by seven ministers, 
1710 — Philadelphia begins to lead in shipbuilding. 
1712 — First ocean merchantman launched in America. 
1712 — First workhouse in America provided for. 
1718 — First American printing press, Adam Ramage. 
1719— First fire engine bought for public purposes. 

1727 — Oldest learned society in the New World, "The American Philosophi- 
cal Society," organized by Franklin. 
1728 — First weekly newspaper, "The Universal Instructor in All Arts and 

Sciences and Pennsylvania Gazette," Keimer. 
1728 — First botanical garden, John Bartram. 
1730 — First turnpike road, Lancaster Pike. 
1730 — Mariner's quadrant invented by Thomas Godfrey. 
1731 — First public library, founded by Franklin. 

1732 — First German newspaper, the "Philadelphia Zeitung," Franklin. 
1733 — First fire engine made in America, by Anthony Nicholls. 
1736 — First volunteer fire company, the "Union." 
1740 — Beginning of the first university in North America (University of 

Pennsylvania). 
1741 — Franklin published the "General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for 

All the British Plantations in America." 
1742— First American work on botany, John Bartram. 
1742— First American type founding, Christopher Saur. 
1743 — First German Bible, Christopher Saur. One folio of the third edition, 

printed in 1777, was used to make cartridges at the time of the 

Battle of Germantown. 
1749 — First company of American stage players. 
1752 — First proof that lightning and electricity were one and the same, 

Franklin. 
1752— First hospital (Pennsylvania). 

1752— First fire insurance company in America (the Hand in Hand). 
1753 — First American expedition left for Arctic exploration. 
1753 — First bell cast in America (for State House). 

1753-1773 — The first teaching of modern physics by Ebenezer Kinnersley. 
1754 — Arrangement and development of the college curriculum (at University 

of Pennsylvania) adopted by Yale, Harvard, and all later colleges. 
1754— Inauguration of the free school system (University of Pennsylvania), 
1762 — First School of Anatomy, Dr. William Shippen 
1765 — First Medical College (University of Pennsylvania). 

97 - 



1766 — First permanent theatre, Cedar, in Southwark. 

1767 — First American drama, "The Prince of Parthia," by Thomas Godfrey, Jr. 

1768 — First medical commencement. 
1768 — First Medical Society founded by students. 

1768^-First astronomical instrument made in America, David Rittenhouse. 
1769 — Observations of the transit of Venus from State House Yard, determin- 
ing the sun's parallax correctly for the first time. 

1769 — First life insurance society. 

1773 — Philadelphia "Tea Party." 

1774 — Continental Congress. 

1774— Articles of Confederation. 

1775 — First organization of manufacturers, "The United Company of Penn- 
sylvania for the Establishment of American Manufactures." 

1775 — First carpets woven on American looms, William Calverley. 

177s — First piano made in America, John Behrent. 

1776 — Proclamation of the Declaration of Independence. 

1780 — Robert Morris financed the Revolution. 

1780 — First public bank in the United States— the Pennsylvania Bank, 

1780 — First American work on medicine by Dr. Benjamin Rush. 

1781 — First bank chartered by Congress — the Bank of North America. 

1783 — First English Lutheran Church. 

1783 — First Free Quaker meeting-house erected. 

1783 — First trade journal, "The Price Current." 

1784 — First daily newspaper, "Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser." 

1785 — First American edition of Shakespeare, Bioren & Madan. 

1785 — First Agricultural Society in America. 

1786 — First American Episcopal Book of Prayer. 

1786 — First vessel successfully propelled by steam, operated on the Delaware 
July 26th, by John Fitch. 

1786 — Protestant Episcopal Church of North America organized. 

1787 — First church in America owned by persons of color; St. Thomas' Afri- 
can Methodist Episcopal. 

1787 — Constitutional Convention and the Constitution. 

1787 — First College of Physicians and Surgeons. 

1789— James Rhea Barton, surgeon, invented the "figure of eight bandage 
for the head" (University of Pennsylvania). 

1790 — First law professorship in America established. 

1790 — First astronomical observatory, David Rittenhouse. 

1790 — First Abolition Society. 

1791 — First Supreme Court of the United States. 

1791 — First carpet mills established in America. 

1791— Caspar Wistar founded the collections of the Wistar Institute oi 
Anatomy and Biology. 

1791-1811— First Bank of the United States. 

1792— First United States Mint (Seventh Street below Arch). 

1792 — David Rittenhouse devised machinery and dies for making United 
States coins. 

1792— James Woodhouse demonstrated that oxygen was given off by living 
plants. 

1794— First United States patent for textile machinery granted to Thomas 
Davenport. 

1796 — First Unitarian Society in America — Joseph Priestley. 

1797— First United States frigate, "The United States," built by Joshua 
Humphreys. 

1798— First American novelist, Charles Brockden Brown, "Wieland." 

1800 — First United States Arsenal, Gray's Ferry Road. 

1800 — First United States Navy Yard. 

1802— First oxygen blowpipe, Dr. Robert Hare. 

1802 — First juvenile magazine. 

1803— John R. Young determined the presence of a digestive acid and the 
ferment action of the gastric juice. 

1804 — First automobile (steam), Oliver Evans. 

1805— First permanent art institution, the Academy of the Fine Arts. 

98 



i8o5— Philip Syng Physick first surgeon in the world to use absorbable animal 

ligatures. 
1806 — James Woodhouse probably antedated Davy in the discovery of po- 
tassium. ■"' 
1809 — First laying of railroad tracks (near BulTs Head Tavern). 
1809 — First life insurance corporation, the Pennsylvania Company for In- 
surances on Lives and Granting Annuities. 
1812 — Stephen Girard and the finances of the War of 1812. 
1813 — First religious weekly, "The Religious Remembrancer." 
1816— First Saving Society, the "Philadelphia." 
1818 — First American lithograph, Bass Otis. 
1819 — First stationary steam engine, Thomas Halloway. 
1820 — First shipment of anthracite coal received, 365 tons. 
1820 — First permanent medical journal. 
1821— First College of Pharmacy in the world (Philadelphia College of 

Pharmacy). 
1824— First Exhibition of American Manufactures, Franklin Institute. 
1826 — First electric furnace. Dr. Robert Hare. 
1827— First Agricultural Society, founded by James Meade. 
1830 — First penny newspaper, "The Cent." 

1830 — First successful women's magazine, "Godey's Lady's Book." 
1830 — First free college for orphan boys (Girard). 
1830 — Founding of Cramp's Shipyard. 

1830— William W. Gerhard first differentiated typhus and typhoid fever. 
1830 — First ether, Rosengarten & Son. 
1831 — Mathias W. Baldwin founded locomotive works. 
1833— First hospital for blind. Will's Eye Hospital. 
1833— First United States Dispensary, Wood & Bache. 
1834 — First strychnine, Rosengarten & Son. 

1834— First nitric acid and first hydrochloric acid. Carter & Scattergood. 
1838 — First United States Naval Academy. 
1839— Crawford W. Long (University of Pennsylvania graduate) first used 

ether as an anaesthetic in surgery. 
1839— John W. Draper demonstrated adhesion to be an electrical attraction. 
1839— First photographic representation of the surface of the moon. 
1839 — First vulcanized rubber goods, Charles Goodyear. 
1839— First daguerreotype made in America, by Joseph Saxton. 
1839— First daguerreotype portrait taken (of himself) by Robert Cornelius. 
1840— First general advertising agency, Volney B. Palmer. 
1842-1854— Elisha Kent Kane, surgeon, traveler, scientist and first American 

arctic explorer (University of Pennsylvania). 
1844— First school of applied art, the School of Industrial Art for Women. 
1846— Joseph Leidy discovered the trichina spiralis, anticipating Pasteur in 

his morphological classification of the bacteria and Darwin in his 

views as to the evolution of species. 
1846— E. W. Clark financed the Mexican War. " 

1848— First comic weekly, "The John Donkey," by Thomas Dunn English. 
1848 — First homeopathic medical college. 
1850 — First women's medical college. 
i85o~First use of zinc in paint, Samuel Wetherill. 
1852— First American insurance journal, Harvey G. Tuckett. 
1852— First Shakespeare Society, and the oldest in existence. 
1859-1883— J. Peter Lesley first to announce the origin of petroleum. 
1859— First sleeping car patented by Edward C. Knight. 
1862— First armored battleship, "New Ironsides," built by Cramp. 
1862— Jay Cooke financed the Civil War. 

1863— First bank chartered in the United States under the National Bank Act. 
1863— First National Bank. 
1864— International Tribunal proposed to judge the Alabama claims, Thomas 

Balch. 
1865— Edward D, Cope announced the discovery of many important and 

original discoveries of new genera and species. 

99 



i866— First wood pulp paper, produced by sulphide process, Benjamin C. 
Tilghman. 

1870 — First compound marine engine, William Cramp & Sons. 

1874 — First zoological garden in America. 

1876 — First World's Fair in America, the Centennial. 

1881— Wharton School founded. First business school of university grade. 

1884-5 — Fadweard Muybridge, inventor of the modern moving pictures, per- 
fected his experiments at the University of Pennsylvania. 

1884— First triple expansion engine, William Cramp & Sons. 

1887— First Master Builders' Exchange. 

1896 — -First motion picture show, Bijou Theatre. 

1899— First National Export Exposition. 

1903 — Phipps Institute— First organized to eradicate tuberculosis through in- 
tensive and scientific research. 

1904 — Oncological Hospital. First devoted exclusively to cancer research. 

1914— (3rganization of the Federal Reserve Bank— District No. 3. 









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Valley Forge, Washington's Headquarters. 

SUBURBS OF PHILADELPHIA. 

The picturesque suburbs of Philadelphia with various his- 
torical references are treated in separate articles such as "Ger- 
mantown," "Delaware River" and "Old Roads Out of Phila- 
delphia." Especially attractive railroad trips may be taken 
along the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, depot at 
Fifteenth and Market Streets; the Reading, depot at Twelfth 
and Market Streets; the Philadelphia and Western, at the 
Sixty-ninth Street Terminal of the Market Street Subway and 
Elevated. At any of these depots, excursion books are fur- 
nished free. 



100 



Valley Forge, the historic camp of Washington's army in 
1777-1778, is twenty-four miles from Philadelphia on the Phila- 
delphia and Reading Railway. It is a State Reservation, con- 
taining 450 acres, in a beautiful valley. It takes its name from 
a small stone forge which was destroyed by the British. 

Close by the raih-oad depot are Washington's Headquar- 
ters; further east at the junction of the River Drive with 
Port Kennedy Road, the Entrenchments, Rifle Pit and Fort 
Huntingdon; east on Port Kennedy Road are Varnum's Quar- 
ters, Star Redoubt, Burial Ground, Waterman Monument and 
jMemorial Chapel. Some of the handsome stained glass win- 
dows are by Rotarian Nicola D'Ascenzo. The Chapel itself is a 
distinctive architectural monument, and one of America's most 
beautiful church edifices. By returning to Washington Lane, 
going south to Gulph Road, southeast to Memorial Arch, west 
to Steuben and General Wayne monuments; north to Fort 
Washington; west to Observatory; north to Washington Spring 
and through Picnic Ground to WashinQton Inn, close to the 
depot, one will walk about five miles, which distance may also 
be covered in an automobile at a reasonable charge. 

Seashore Resorts. — During the summer daily excursion 
trains, and almost hourly regular travns, are run to Long Branch, 
Asbury Park, Ocean Grove, Sea Girt and other points on the 
north Jersey coast, and to Atlantic Citv. Wildwood, Ocean Citv, 
Cape May and other points on the south coast. These excursion 
trains, especially those to the south coast, are unequalled in 
the world for comfort and speed. The run of sixtv miles to At- 
lantic Citv is often made in sixty minutes. These splendid 
transit facilities have brought the resorts so close to Philadelphia 
that thousands commute daily. In all of these seashore resorts, 
as in those along the Delaware and Barnegat Bays, the fishing, 
sailinc- and bathing is unexcelled. 

Old Roads Out of Philadelphia.— In "Old Roads Out of 
Philadelphia," by John T. Paris, a beautiful and artistic book 
published by the J. B. Lippincott Company, the author gives 
illustrated descriptions of the following roads: 

The King's Highway to Wilmington, along Gray's Ferry 
Road to Darby, Chester, Wilmington and lower Delaware, 
crossinor Cobb's Creek. Crum Creek. Ridley Creek and Brandy- 
wine Creek, visiting Bartram's Gardens. Blue Bell Tavern; 
Church of St. James of Kingsessincr near Darbv; John Morgan's 
birthplace at Essington; the Washington Hotel and Town Hall 
at Chester; the Old Swedes' Church and other historic buildings 
at Wilmincfton. 

The Baltimore Turnpike, along Baltimore Avenue through 
Clifton Heights and Swarthmore. along the Crum Creek valley, 
one of the most picturesque in America; the T^eiper Mansion at 
Avondale, the Rose Tree Hunt; throusrh Media and return to 
the Baltimore Road; Washington's Quarters; and those of 

101 



Lafayette, Cornwallis and General Howe; Kennett Square, the 
birthplace and home in later life of Bayard Taylor. 

The West Chester Turnpike, is partly occupied by a trolley 
line and is not an ideal motor road, but full of beauty and 
interest. Millbourne Mills in Cobb's Creek Park is at Sixty- 
ninth Street; it was founded in 1757; a short walk along Darby 
Creek between the West Chester Pike and Baltimore Pike is 
well worth while. At Newtown Square is a quaint octagonal 
schoolhouse; at Broomall the Grove Tavern; beyond Newtown 
Square are the celebrated Castle Rocks; at Edgemont the Old 
President Tavern and John Yarnall House; there are several 
interesting Colonial houses in West Chester. 

The Lancaster Turnpike, or Conestoga Road, begins at 
Market and Thirty-second Streets; numerous old taverns are on 
th-is road; at Ardmore Junction is the Port Reading House; the 
Haverford Meeting House is the oldest church building in Dela- 
ware County, 1700; and the Radnor Meeting House, 1718; Wash- 
ington wrote a letter to the President of Congress from the 
Buck Tavern at Haverford; the Sorrell Horse Inn at Ithan 
sheltered Washington and Lafayette: St. David's Church is near 
Radnor, and the Old Eagle School at Strafford; Waynesbor- 
ough, near Paoli, was the birthplace of General Wayne; the 
East Cain Meeting House is near East Downingtown, a place of 
great historic interest; Lancaster was the capital of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1799, a list of its noted objects should easily be ob- 
tained by the tourist. 

The Gulph Road winds through lower Merion Township; 
the oldest section leads out of Narberth by way of Narberth 
Avenue; principal objects of Colonial times are the Dove Paper 
Mill; the Harriton House; bevond Roberts Road the turnpike 
forks; the left road leads to Devon, the right to Valley Forge 
Csee article on Valley Forge) and Phoenixville; Fountain Inn 
was the headquarters of General Howe; the General Pike Hotel 
was raided by Hessians. 

The Ridge Road to Perkiomen begins at Tenth and Vine 
Streets, but tourists should go by the East River Drive to 
Wissahickon Drive (see article on Fairmount Park) entering 
the park at Green Street entrance. The road leads through 
Barren Hill, Norristown and Perkiomen. There are many old 
historic buildings in and near Falls Village. The house of Dr. 
William Smith, first provost of the University of Pennsylvania, 
near Indian Queen Lane; the Angel House, Mill Grove, the 
earlv house of Audubon: the Wetherill Mansion; Perkiomen 
Bridp'e. At Norristown local information is easily obtainable. 

The Old Germantown Road, or Germantown Avenue, is 
described in another section (see article on Germantown). 
Bevond Chestnut Hill at the tenth milestone is the Whitemarsh 
Vallev Country Club ('1764), Thomas Hovenden*s Studio at Ply- 
mouth Meeting: near the nineteenth milestone the home of 

102 



David Rittenhouse and Norriton Presbyterian Church (1698); 
Fairview Inn on Fairview Flill; the old Trappe Church beyond 
CoUegeville, begun by Henry Muhlenberg, then on to Pottsville 
and Reading. 

The Road to Bethlehem, Joins the Germantown Road at 
the Pennsylvania Railroad Station in Chestnut Hill. It is 
very rich in Revolutionary relics; Wheel Pump Inn; old St. 
Thomas's Church and Church Hill; Fort Washington, Emlen's 
house (Washington's Headquarters), near the Church; and 
Wentz Farm House; The Highlands on Skippack Pike; Dawes- 




Lincoln Monument, Fairmount Park. 

field, near Blue Bell on the pike; Peter Wentz House near 
Center Point; Foulke House at Penllyn, Dawesfield, Mont- 
gomery Square; Walker Inn at Montgomery ville; many land- 
marks in the thirty miles from Montgomeryville to Bethlehem 
and Nazareth, and many early Moravian and Revolutionary 
buildings in the latters towns. Lehigh University in South 
Bethlehem. 

The Old York Road, begins at Twelfth Street and West- 
moreland (3300 north), and is a favorite motor road leading to 
Willow Grove Park. At the entrance to the Jewish Hospital 

103 



grounds are the classic pillars of the old U. S. Mint, formerly 
at Broad and Chestnut. Historic houses are the Owen Wister 
house; Champlost Manor; Wharton Place at Branchtown; 
Abington Presbyterian Church; many modern mansions and 
estates. Road branches at Willow Grove, the left branch to 
Doylestown, right branch to Hatboro and beyond. Toward 
Doylestown, Horsham Meeting House; Graeme Park; Nesha- 
mmy Creek Bridge; Doylestown. Four miles beyond, the grave 
of Chief Tammany (King Taminunt). From Doylestown on 
Buckmgham Pike to Centerville; to New Hope on the Dela- 
ware. Several Colonial houses in Hatboro and near Center- 
ville; Neely^ House near New Hope; New Hope to Trenton; 
Washington's crossing at Taylorsville; from Trenton return 
may be made either on Jersey or Pennsylvania side to Phila- 
delphia. 

The Road to Trenton and the Roosevelt Boulevard. The 

old road is a part of the old King's Highway to New York and 
passes through Frankford, Tacony and Holmesburg. The best 
Bristol-Trenton route is the Roosevelt Boulevard from Broad 
Street at Hunting Park to Bustleton, connecting with the Penny- 
pack Park Drive near Holmesburg, but missing Colonial relics. 
On the old road at Frankford is the Stephen Decatur House 
on Powder Mill Lane: Chalkley Hall; several old inns; through 
Tacony and Holmesburg. Beyond the ninth milestone, the 
General Wayne Tavern; beyond the River Road, the Edwin 
Forrest Home for Actors (dates from 1810). Lower Dublin 
Academy; Torresdale; Red Lion Inn; Andalusia, the home of 
Charles J. Biddle; Penn Rhyn; State in Schuylkill Fishing Club; 
Bristol College, near Croydon; Town Hall and Colonial houses 
at Bristol; Morrisville: Trenton. 




Hamilton Walk, University of Pennsylvania. 
104 




THE FIRST U. S. MINT. 

The first public building erected by authority of Congress 
for a public purpose. The middle building shown was the coin- 
age building and the first one erected. Here Washington, late 
in 1792, delivered some silver from which the so-called Wash- 
ington dimes and half-dimes were coined. The silver-center 
cent of 1792 and the silver dollar of 1804 were coined here. The 
regular coinage of copper began in 1793; silver, 1794; gold, 1795. 

Until 1816 all of the power was supplied by men and horses. 
In that year steam was introduced for certain heavy work. 
Steam coinage in the new or second mint was not adopted until 
1836. 

The treasure vaults were located twenty feet underground 
beneath the office building on the street front. The coinage 
building also contained bullion vaults. The rear building con- 
tained the melting and refining departments. 

The Frank H. Stewart Electric Company now occupies the 
building at 37 and 39 North Seventh Street, erected on the first 
mint site, and will furnish public institutions with a picture of 
"Ye Old Mint," reproduced in colors, from an original by 
Edwin Lamazure, now deceased, 

105 



GREETINGS TO ROTARIANS 

from 

HON. J. HAMPTON MOORE, 

Mayor of Philadelphia. 




J.Ha>ii>xoi«^Moore ^jg^ J^S ^fc Office op the Mayor 

MAYOR mSJ'nS^^^€^WSSjKi Philadelphia 

February 6tti, 1920, 



Mr« George E. Hitzsohe, Chairman, 

notary Olub Lunoheon Committee, 
University of Pennsylvania, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

Dear Mr, Ritzsche: 

Please extend my greetings to 
the thousands of Rotarians who are coming 
hither from all parts of the United States to 
attend the June convention in Atlantic City. 

The high purposes animating 
Hotarians everywhere malce them welcome guests 
in this patriotic old city, whose history and 
traditions are the basis of modem Americanism, 

I trust the visit of the 
Rotarians v/ill enable them to know Fniladelphia 
better, and to appreciate the real life and 
spirit of its people. 



Very t 




Mayor. 



106 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Page 

Acacia 82 

Academy, Germantown 37, 48 

Academy of Music 51 

Academy of Natural Sciences 45 

Academy of the Fine Arts 49, 50 

Advertisements 107 

Agnew Surgical Pavilion 87 

American League Baseball Club .. 93 

American Oncologic Hospital 69 

American Philosophical Society.. 42, 43 

Amusement, Places of 92 

Apartment Houses 91 

Apprentices' Library 63 

Aquarium (Fairmount Park) 19, 22 

Arboretum (Awbury) 28 

Architectural School (U. of Pa.).... 89 

Armories 93 

Arnold, Benedict (Mansion) 29 

Arsenal, Frankford 41 

Arsenal, Schuylkill 41 

Art Museum, Municipal 22,44, 46 

Asylum, Philadelphia 69 

Athletic Fields 93 

B. 

Baltimore Turnpike 101 

Baltimore & Ohio Station 90 

Bank, Girard National 33 

BanK of North America 33 

Baseball Parks 53 

Bartram's Gardens 28 

Bartram's House 34 

Bell, Liberty 5, ^3 

Belmont Filtration Plant m 

Belmont Mansion 23 

Beta Theta Pi 82 

Bethlehem Road 102 

Betsy Ross House 11, i^i 

Biddle Law Library t>Z 

Blind, Institution for 69 

Bordentown 16 

Botanical Hall 85 

Boulevard, Roosevelt 30, 1C4 

Boulevards, Gardens, Parks 21 

Bourse 60, 61 

Bryn Mawr College 51 

Buildings, Historical 50 

Office 92 

Public 38 

Burlington 16 

C. 

Carpenters' Hall 10, 31 

Carson College 49 

Cathedral of St. Peter 67 

Cemetery, Christ Church 34 

Centennial Exposition 23 

Central High School 46 

Chamber of Commerce 60 



Page 

Channel of Delaware River 16 

Charity, Society for Organizing ... /o 

Chew House 37, 38 

Christ Church 64 

Christ Church Cemetery 34 

Churches 64 

City Government 9 

City Hall 38, 39 

City Hall, Old 33 

City History Society 75 

Civil War Monument 22 

Clinical Bldg. (U. of Pa.) 86 

Clubs 70 

Club, Members of Rotary 55 

Club, Rotary 74 

Coastwise Steamship Lines .. ... 20 

Colleges 49, 51, 53 

College Hall (U. of Pa.) 86 

College of Physicians .45, 68 

Colonial Society of Pennsylvania.. 75 

Commerce, Chamber of 60 

Commercial Establishments 53 

Commercial Museums 43,60, 61 

Congress Hall 32, 33 

Correction, House of 70 

Cottage of John Penn 22 

Cottage of William Penn 22 

County Fair Grounds 93 

County Prison 70 

Curtis Publishing Company 61 

Custom House, U. S 40 

D. 

Declaration of Independence, Site of 

House Where Written 35 

Delaware River 15, 16 

Delta Kappa Epsilon, Delta Phi, 
Delta Psi, Delta Tau Delta, 

Delta Upsilon 82 

Dental School, Phila 48 

Dental School (U. of Pa.) 84 

Departments of City Government.. 10 

Design, School of 51 

Detention, House of 70 

Diagonal Streets 97 

Dock Street 34 

Drexel Institute 48, 49 

Duhring Memorial Stack (U. of Pa.), 82 

E. 

Eastern Penitentiary 69 

East Park 24 

East and West Streets 94 

Educational Institutions 46 

Educational School Building 81 

Edwin Forrest Home 69 

Engineering Hall (U. of Pa.) 89 

Establishments, Industrial and 

Commercial S3 



107 



Page 

Evans Dental Institute 84, 85 

Exposition, Centennial 23 

Extension Society, University 75 

Eye Hospital, Wills 69 

F. 

Fairmount Park 21 

Fields, Athletic 93 

Filtration Plants. Belmont, Roxbor- 

ough. Queen Lane, Torresdale.. 41 

Fine Arts, Penna. Academy 49 

First City Troop Armory 93 

First Presbyterian Church 67 

First Regiment Armory 93 

First Unitarian Church '^6 

First U. S. Mint, Site of 35, 105 

First U. S. Navy Yard 35 

Firsts of Philadelphia 97 

Forrest Home 69 

Fountain Green 24 

Frankford Arsenal 41 

Frank'in. Reniamin 8 

Franklin Field 88 

Franklin Institute 45 

Franklin Square 27 

Franklin's Grave 34 

Fraternities 70 

Free Library of Philadelphia 62 

Friends' Select Schools 49 

Functions, Social 75 

G. 

Gardens, Bartram's 28 

Gardens, Parks, Boulevards 21 

Garretson Hospital 69 

Geographic Society of Phila 75 

George's Hill 23 

Germantown Academy 37, 48 

Germantown, Historic 35 

Germantown Road 35, 102 

Germantown Site and Relic Soc. .. 75 

Girard College 47, 49 

Girard National Bank 33 

Glenn Mills Reformatory 70 

Government Institutions 38 

Government of City 9 

Government Pier 15 

Graduate House (U. of Pa.) 86 

Grain Elevators 17 

Grant Cottage 22 

Grave of Franklin 34 

Greetings of Mayor Moore ir6 

Gulph Road 102 

Gymnasium 88 

H. 

Hahnemann Hospital 69. 

Hahnemann Medical School 48 

Hamilton Walk 85 

Hare Chemical Laboratory 86 

Harrison Laboratory (U. of Pa.).. 81, 87 

Haverford College 53 

High Schools 46 

Highway to Wilmington 101 

Historic Churches 64 

Historic Germantown 35 

108 



Page 

Historic Sites, Walks & Bldgs...30, 34 

Historical Society of Penna 75 

History of Philadelphia 5 

Hog Island Terminal 18 

Homes, Naval, Forrest, &c 68 

Horticultural Hall 21, 23 

Hospitals 69, 87 

Hotels J: 

House Numbering Plan 94 

Houie of Betsy Ross 33 

House (^ Correction 70 

Hovise of Detention 70 

Houston Hall (U. of Pa.) 86 

I. 

Independence Hall 7, 32 

Independence Square 27 

Industrial Art. School of 50, 54 

Industrial Establishments 53 

Inland and Local Steamship Lines, 20 
Institutes, Drexel. Franklin, 
Phipps, Wagner, Wistar. 

42, 45, 49, 69, 82 

Institutes, Penal 68 

Institution for the Blind 69 

Institutions, Government 38 

Institutions, Scientific 42 

Interest, Points of 13 

J. 

Jefferson Hospital 69 

Jefferson Medical College 47 

John Penn's Cottage 22 

K. 

King's Highway to Wilmington ... 101 

L. 

Lancaster Turnpike 102 

Laurel Hill .......; 23 

Law School Building 81 

League Island 40 

Lenane Club 82 

Lilierty Bell 5, 33 

Libraries 62 

Light, Heat and Power Station 87 

Lincoln Monument 25,103 

Livezey Mansion 25, 28 

Local and Inland Steamship Lines, 20 

Logan Hall (V. of Pa.) 82, 86 

Logan Square 28 

M. 

Map of Philadelphia 4 

Market Houses 3i 

Mask and Wig House (U. of Pa.).. 86 

Masonic Temple 73, 76 

Master Builders' Exchange 62 

Maternity Building (IT. of I'a.; ... 86 

Mayor's Greetings to Rotary 1C6 

Medical Center and Colleges. .47, 48, 85 

Medico-Chi Hospital 09 

Medical Buildings (V. of Pa.) 85 

Meeting Houses, Quakers' 67 

Members, Rotary Club 55 



Page 

Memorial Hall (Fairm't Pk.), 22, 23, 45 

Memorial Tower (U. of Pa.) 84 

Mennonite Church 67 

Mercantile Library 62 

Metropolitan Opera House bi 

Military Organizations 93 

Mint, Site of First U. S 35, 105 

Mint, United States 40 

Monastery (Fairmount Park) 25 

Monuments 22, 25 

Morris House 27 

Mount Pleasant 24 

Moving Pictures, Discovery of ..86, 93 

Municipal Art Museum 22, 46 

Municipal Hospital 69 

Museums 22, 42, 43, 46, 60, 87 

Music, Academy of 51 

Musical Fund Hall 34 

N. 

National League Baseball Cluo ... 93 

National Rotary Advertisements .. 107 

Natural Sciences, Academy of 45 

Naval Home 59 

Navy Yard 35, 40 

North and South Streets 95 



Ofifice Buildings 92 

Oil Steamship Lines 20 

Old Christ Church t>4, 65 

Old City Hall 33 

Old Germantown Road 102 

Old Market Houses 31 

Old Mennonite Church 67 

Old Pine Street Church 67 

Old Roads Out of Philadelphia .... 101 

Old Stock Exchange 34 

Old Swedes' Church 66 

Old York Road 103 

Oncologic Hospital 69 

Opera House, Metropolitan 51 

Organizations, Military 93 

P. 

Park Drives (Fairmount) 25 

" Extension (Wissahickon) 26 

" East (Fairmovint) 24 

" Penn Treaty 29 

" Point Breeze 93 

" Willow Grove 30 

Parks, Gardens, Boulevard 21 

" and Squares 26 

Parkway 29 

Penal Institutes 68 

Penitentiary, Eastern 69 

Penn Charter School 48 

Penn Treaty Park 29 

Penn, William 6 

Penn's (John) Cottage 22 

Penn's (William) Cottage 22, 26 

Pennsylvania Acad, of Fine Arts, 49 

" Colonial Society 75 

" First Site of Univ. of, 35 

" Historical Society .. 75 

Hospital 69 



Page 

Pennsylvania Institution for Blind, 69 

Railroad Stations .. 89 

" University of 76 

Pepper Laboratory (U. of Pa.) :... 86 

Pharmacy, Phila. School of 48 

Phi Delta Theta, Phi Kappa Psi, 
Phi Kappa Sigma, Phi Sigiua 

Kappa 81, 82 

Phila. Agricultural Society 42 

" Asylum 69 

" Bovirse 61 

Club 70 

" Commercial Museums 43 

" County Fair 93 

" County Prison /O 

Dental School 48 

" Free Library 62 

" Geographic Society 75 

" History of 5 

Hospital 69 

" Library 62 

" Builders' Exchange 62 

Navy Yard 40 

Rapid Transit Co 90 

" Roads Out of 101 

" School of Pharmacy 48 

" Stock Exchange 62 

Street Car System 90 

" Streets 94 

Suburbs 100 

& Reading Stations 90 

& Western VO 

Philadelphia's Firsts 97 

Philosophical Society 42 

Phipps Institute (U. of Pa.) ...69, 88 

Piers for Steamships IS, 18 

Places of Amusement 92 

Plan for Numbering Houses 94 

Plants, Filtration 41 

Polyclinic Hospital 69 

Point Breeze Park 93 

Points of Interest 13 

Post Office, U. S 39 

Psi Upsilon 82 

Prison, Phila. County 70 

Provost's House (U. of Pa.) ....35, 84 

Provosts' Tower (C of Pa.) ^^ 

Public Buildings 38 

Public School System 46 

Q. 

Ouaker Meeting Houses 67 

Queen Lane Filtration Plant 41 

R. 

Railroads 89 

Rapid Transit Co 90 

Resorts, Seashore 101 

Restaurants 91 

Ridge Road 102 

Ridgway Library 61, 62 

Rittenhouse Square 27 

River, Delaware 15 

Road, Gulph 102 

Road, Old Germantown 102 

Road. Old York 103 

109 



Page 

Road, Ridge 102 

Road to hethlehein 102 

Road to Trenton 104 

Roads Out of Philadelphia 101 

Koosevelt Boulevard 30,104 

Rotary Advertisements 107 

Rotary Club 55, 74 

Row, State House 33 

Roxborough Filtration Plant 41 

Rush Hospital 69 

S. 

Sailings from Philadelphia 18 

St. Augustine's R. C. Church 67 

St. George's M. E. Church 66 

St. John's Lutheran Church 67 

St. Joseph's R. C. Church 67 

St. Mary's Church 66 

St. Paul's P. E. Church 67 

St. Peter's Church 66 

St. Peter and St. Paul Cathedral .. 67 

Samaritan Hospital '-J 

School of Design for Women 51 

School of Industrial Art 50 

School of Pharmacy 48 

School System (Public) 46 

School, Widener Training 51 

Schools, Friends' Select 49 

Schuylkill Arsenal 41 

. " . River 20 

Scientific Institutions 42 

Seash'^re Resorts I'.': 

Second Regiment Armory 93 

Shibe Park 93 

Shipbuilding Industry 16 

Shipping 16 

Short Trip Through University ... '^O 

Sites, Historic 30,34, 35 

Smith Memorial Monument 22 

Social Functions 75 

Societies 42, 70, 75 

Solitude 24 

Squares, Franklin, Independence, 

Logan, Rittenhouse, Wash'gt'n, 27, 28 

State Cavalry Armory 93 

State Fencible Armory 93 

State House Row 33 

State in Schuylkill 70 

Stations, Railroad 89, 90 

Steamship Lines 18 

Stock Exchange 34, 62 

Strawberry Mansion 23, 24 

Street Car System 90 

Streets in Philadelphia 94 

Streets, Diagonal 97 

Streets, East and West 94 

Streets, North and South 95 

Suburbs of Philadelphia 100 

Supply, Water 41 

Supreme Court House (U. S.) 33 

Surgical Building (U. of Pa.) 87 

Swarthmore College 51 

T. 

Temple, Masonic 76 

Temple University 46 

Terminal Proposed at Hog Island . . 18 

110 



Page 

Theatres 92 

Third Presbyterian Church 67 

Third Regiment Armory 93 

Thomas Penn House 86 

Torresdale Filtration Plant 41 

Training School, Widener 51 

Transatlantic Sailings 18 

Treaty Park 29 

Trenton, Road to 104 

Triangle (U. of Pa. Dormitories) .. 84 

Trin Through University 80 

Turnpikes 101, 102 

U. 

Union League 70 

Unitarian Church 66 

United States Custom House 40 

Ihiited States Mint 35, 40, 41 

U. S. Mint, Site of First 35, 105 

I'nited States Navy Yard 35, 40 

United States Post Office 39 

United States Supreme Court 33 

Ui.iversity Extension Society 75 

University Hospital 69, 87 

University Library 62, 81 

University Museum 42, 87, 96 

University of Pennsylvania 76 

University of Penna., First Site of, 35 

Univ. of Penna., Trip Through .... 80 

University, Temple 46 

V. 

Valley Forge 33, ICO 

Valley Green 25 

Veterinary School and Hospital. .84, 87 

Villanova College 53 

W. 

Waener Free Institute 42 

Walks, Historic 30 

Washington Monument 17, 25 

Washington Square 27 

Water Supply 41 

West Chester Turnpike 101 

Wharton School (U. of Pa.) 82 

Widener Training School 51 

William Penn Charter School 49 

William Penn's Cottage 22 

Willow Grove Park 30 

Wills Eye Hospital 69 

Wilmington, King's Highway to... 101 

Wissahickon Creek 25, 36 

Wissahickon Park, Extension of . . 26 

Wistar Institute (U. of Pa.) 82 

Woman's Medical College 48 

Woman's Medical College Hospital, 69 

Woodford Mansion 24 

Y. 

Young People's Associations 72 

Y. M. C. A 72 

Y. M. H. A 73 

Y. W. C. A 73 

Z. 

Zeta Psi House (U. of Pa.) 81 

Zoological Building 85 

Zoological Gardens 22, 24 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Map of Philadelphia 

Liberty Bell 

William Penn 

Independence Hall .. 
Benjamin Franklin . 

Carpenters' Hall 

Betsy Ross House 



Page 
.. 4 
.. 5 
.. '6 
7 



10 

13 

Washington Monument il 

~ ■ 19 

20 
21 
22 
24 
26 



Aquarium, Fairmount Park 
Schuylkill River, Fairmount Park.. 
Horticultural Hall, Fairmount Park, 
Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park .. 
Entrance to Zoological Gardens ... 
Wm. Penn House, Fairmount Park, 
Livezey Homestead, Wissahickon. . 28 

Benedict Arnold Mansion 29 

Congress Hall 32 

Bartram's House 34 

Scenes Along Wissahickon 36 

Chew Mansion Zl 

City Hall 39 

United States Mint 41 

American Philosophical Society ... 43 

New Art Gallery 44 

Girard College 47 



Page 

Drexel Institute 48 

Academy of the Fine Arts 50 

Widener Training School 51 

Fairmount Park Bridges 52 

School of Industrial Art rt 

Philadelphia Bourse 60 

Commercial Museums 61 

Ridgway Library 61 

Old Christ Church 65 

College of Physicians 68 

Girard Trust Building 71 

Masonic Temple li 

First U. S. Bank Building 74 

Provosts' Tower from Terrace 11 

Group of Univ. of Pa. Buildings.. 78 

Medical Building 80 

Group of University Buildings 83 

Evans Dental School 85 

Veterinary School 87 

Phipps Institute 88 

Birds-Eye View of Univ. Campus.. 89 

University Museum 96 

Lincoln Monument 103 

Hamilton Walk 104 

United States Mint, First 105 



111 




ROTARIANS 



represent the most 
progressive houses. 

In Philadelphia the 
Rotary Bank is the 
Corn Exchange. 

We are trying to live 
up to the traditions of 
the organization. 

THE CORN EXCHANGE 
NATIONAL BANK 

Philadelphia 






-M,— »4. 



: The LEDGERS 



The Newspapers That 

Serve 

Philadelphia 



Morning — Evening — Sunday 



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Peirce School 



0/ 



Business Administration 



Courses of Study | 

Business Administration | 

Secretarial | 

Salesmanship | 

Teachers' Training | 










^ 






s6/k 



Antnial Caialogue and 
Illustrated Booklet 
sent upon application 



LOUIS B. MOFFETT, Director 
(Rotarian) 

Pine Street, West of Broad 
Philadelphia 



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Good Morning, Folks — 

The 'leven little leathersmiths 
are making many Useful Leather 
Gifts - 

Writing Portfolios 
Desk Sets 
Book Ends 
Photo Albums 
Playing Card Cases 

etc.^ etc. 

Ask your dealer to show you what 
the 'leven are doing in tooled leathers 
& in the fancy leathers also. These 
make wonderful Gifts. Helpyourself! 

Yours right cheerily, 

for THE LEATHERSMITH SHOPS 

212 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, U. S. A. 



ROTARIANS 

Should insist on having 

Absolute Hair Cloth 

Used in their coat fronts 

BECAUSE 

the hair does not 
work out of the 
coat front when 

Absolute 
Hair Cloth 

is used. 

If Absolute 
Hair Cloth 

is not being used in the front of 
your coat ask 

WHY? 

GEO. S. COX & BRO.. Inc. 

Sole Ma-Kers of ABSOLUTE 

PHILADELPHIA, PA. 





WICK 

of Philadelphia 



makes and sells Fancy Hat Bands of all designs, 
not only for all Rotary Clubs for their Con- 
ventions, etc., but for any other Society or 
organization. 

The Hat Band of Philadelphia City colors, Blue 
and Gold, worn by the Philadelphia Rotarians, 
were made by Wick. Wick also makes all kinds 
of Fancy Hat Bands for Straw Hats for daily 
street wear. For sale in all the leading hat 
stores and haberdashery shops. 

He also makes Special Club Bands in any 
quantity on hand loom work. 

WICK NARROW FABRIC COMPANY 

Manufacturers of Fancy Hat Bands 
PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A. 



1 



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THE 

1608 Ludlow St., Philadelphia 



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E 
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RESISTANCE TO THE STAMP ACT 

Washington Mem. Chapel, Valley Forge 

CHURCH MEMORIALS 

STAINED GLASS 
GLASS MOSAICS 

TABLETS AND MURAL DECORATIONS 



E 



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BARTLETT FACTORY 
EQUIPMENT CO. 



J. C. BARTLETT 



Rotarian 



3 N. Twenty-first Street, Philadelphia 

EXPEDITING PRODUCTION 
SAVING LABORING COSTS by 

Scientific analysis of conditions and correct applications of 

Electric Industrial 
Trucks and Tractors 




M 



One of twenty-eight models. This picks up a two ton 
load from the floor, carries it where wanted, and lifts it 
six feet. Used for warehouses, shops and loading. 



^ MANUFACTURED BY ^ 

Automatic Transportation Co. 

ROTARIANS 
Branches in Every City BUFFALO 



[H€ 



3H€ 



3HE 



3H] 



Philadelphia Headquarters 
for Thirty Years 

Cotton Duck 

Awning Stripes 

Canvas Goods 

We supply every kind of material 
used for 

SAILS, AWNINGS, TENTS, COVERS, 
Etc. 

KHAKI CLOTH 

And Other Water-turn Fabrics 

Cotton Drilling, Cheese Cloth, Bleached 
Duck, Bleached Gauze 

WM. G. HALKETT CO. 

218-220 CHESTNUT STREET 

ROTARIAN C. W. THOMAS 

Vice-President 




THIS Firestone Cord is built to the largest size estab- 
lished by the industry. It is so much bigger than 
usual standards that there is no comparison. 
Dealers everywhere say it "sells on sight." 

Tlre$fo«e 




BLANK BOOKS 

Bound a>id 
Loose Leaf 

LITHOGRAPHING 

PRINTING 

ENGRAVING 

OFFICE 
STATIONERY 
and SUPPLIES 



He Pro/its 
Most 
Who 
Serves 
Bestr 



Our experience consists in seriously 
and whole-heartedly practicing The 
Rotary Slogan for the past 72 years. 

This is a guarantee of 

MANN QUALITY and 
MANN SERVICE 



WILLIAM MANN COMPANY 

PHILADELPHIA 

FOUNDED IN 1848 
WM. MANN PRIZER, Rotarian 






MacDonald & Campbell 




Men's Clothing { 

Haberdashery ! 

Hats j 

Automobile ! 

Apparel f 

I 

Our lines of Cloth- j 
ing, Haberdashery, 
Automobile Ap- 
parel and Hats 
mark the highest 
achievements in 
quality of materials, 
fashionablecorrect- 
ness, skilled work- 
manship and 
intrinsic value. 



1334-1336 Chestnut Street 

Philadelphia 

"ROTARIANS" 



— + 



THE SCHLICHTER 
JUTE CORDAGE CO. 




Registered U. S. Pat. Office 



Rope and Twine 
Manufacturers 



No. 20 NORTH FRONT STREET 
PHILADELPHIA 




^L 



In Bathroom, Kitchen, Laundry 

can bathe, you can shave, when 

please, once you put a Ruud in 

basement. All over the house, 

water is yours the moment you 



You 

you 

your 

hot 

turn on any hot water faucet. 




RUUD 

AUTOMATIC CAS 

WATER heater! 

"Hot Water All Over the House" 
MADE BY 

RUUD MFG. CO. 

PITTSBURGH, PA. 

and sold by Dealers 

the World around 

wherever there is Gas 



fenfon Label Go./»c 

MAKERS OF 

GummedLahels 

AND 

Qdvertisln^Stickefs 
ROTARIANS 



506-512 Race St. 
PMtadelp/}id 

£ M//VER FENTON "PRESIDENT 
(ROTARIAN) 



On Your Way 

To and From the Convention 

Spend a Day in Philadelphia 
The City of Brotherly Love 



You will Receive the Glad Hand at 

B. R Keith's Theatre 

CHESTNUT and TWELFTH STS. 
Philadelphia's Best Known Amusement Enterprise 



HARRY T. JORDAN, Rotarian 

General Manager 



B. F. Keith's Theatre 

On the Garden Pier 

Atlantic City 

Under the Same Management 



J. E. Caldwell & Co. 

Jewelers and Silversmiths 

Chestnut and Juniper Streets, Philadelphia 

INFORMATION 

J. E. Caldwell & Co., through connections of 
long standing, possess facilities for securing 
choicest pearls and jewels at the source, en- 
abling them to offer unusual advantages of 
selection and price ; 

their mountings are designed and made on the 
premises and are individual and exclusive; 

they are pleased at all times to submit sketches 
for jewelry of special design; 

they reset, modernize and enrich old family 
jewelry, submitting sketches for approval be- 
fore proceeding with the work ; 

their silverware is of sterling quality 925/1000 
pure silver and is of enduring weight. 

their stationery is distinctive in quality, en- 
graving and phraseology; 

they design cards of personal greeting for 
Christmas, New Year and the various anni- 
versary days. 

The Establishment of J. E. Caldwell & Co. 
IS Believed to be Unique Among the 
Jewelry Stores of the World 

In effect, like the grande salon of a French chateau of the 
aucicn regime, yet an emhiently practical business buildmg, 
with every worth-while modern facility for the selection 
of goods and the comfort of patrons. The main floor is 200 
feet long and 62 feet wide. It is Regence in style, with the 
quartered oak paneling and soft-toned French gold decora- 
tion characteristic of the period — an unusual and most ap- 
propriate environment for the display of jewels and artis- 
tic merchandise. Visitors are cordially welcomed. 

Purchases through correspondeyice receive prompt and 
intelligent attention 



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